Centre for Entomological Studies Ankara Priamus Supplement 36

PRIAMUS

Serial Publication of the Centre for
Entomological Studies Ankara

Supplement

Number 36 06 04 2015 ISSN 1015-8243

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:199943C6-QA96-4E2E-B6Dl-984165796AFB

Review of Heteronychiina (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)

Yury Verves ' LjTidmyla Khrokalo ^

1 Prof. Dr. Yury Verves, Institute of Evolutionary Ecology, National Academy of Science Ukraine, Lebedev Street 37, Kyiv 03143,
Ukraine; e-mail: fly (Bvoliacable.ua

= Dr. Lyudmyla Khrokalo, National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Peremogy Avenue 37, Kyiv 03056,
Ukraine; e-mail: lkhrokalo(a gmail.com

received on 13 March,2015 - accepted on 15 March, 2015

Priamus
Number 36

Centre for Entomological Studies Anlcara
06 04 2015

Supplement
ISSN 1015-8243

Abstract: Review of Heteronychiina (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Priamus Suppl. 36: 1-60, 28 figs.
Characteristic of subtribe Heteronychiina, diagnoses and key to genera and subgenera, faunistical
and ecological data on 98 species are given. The species of subtribe distributed in Palaearctic,
mainly in its south-western part, and northern part of Oriental Region. Larvae are obligate internal
parasitoids, very rare specialized necrophages of terrestrial snails. Lectotjrpe 0 of Heteronychia
kozlovi firstly designated. Firstly recorded: H. bulgarica for Latvia and Stavropol Region (Russia);
H. chaetoneura for Belarus, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia and Slovakia; H. haemorrhoides for
Latvia; H. infantilis for continental Greece; H. lejlekensis for KZ and Uzbekistan; H. pauciseta for
Austria and several Russian Regions: Bashkortostan, Buryatia, Perm; H. shnitnikovi for TM; H.
smirnovi for Voronezh Region (Russia); H. depressifrons for Perm Region (Russia); H.
haemorrhoides (Bottcher, 1913) for Iraq; H. boettcheri for Bulgaria. 9 new combinations are given:
Heteronychia (Asceloctis) sororia Povolny, 2004, n. comb.; H. (Ctenodasypygia) mediterranea
(Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.; H. (s. str.) anatolica (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.; H. (s. str.)
gabrielei (Whitmore, 2009), n. comb.; H. (s. str.) hystrix (Pandelle, 1896), n. comb.; H. (s. str.)
infantilis (Bottcher, 1913), n. comb.; H. (s. str.) lejlekensis (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.; H. (s. str.)
rosellensis (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.; H. (s. str.) tunisiae (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb. 2 new
generic synonyms are given: Shoachaeta Lehrer, 1997, n. syn. of Discachaeta Enderlein, 1928 and
Atlantina Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of Discachaeta Enderlein, 1928. 28 new special synonyms are
designated: Devriesia picciolinea Lehrer, 2012, n. syn. of H. balanina (Pandelle, 1896);
Ctenodasypygia acroficta Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of H. minima (Rondani, 1862); Spatulapica
heilongia Lehrer 2009, n. syn. of H. abramovi (Rohdendorf, 1938); S.dentiphalla Lehrer 2012, n.
syn. ofH. ancilla (Rondani, 1865); H. conficta Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. oiH. armeniaca (Rohdendorf,
1937); Spatulapica porziana Lehrer, 2012, n. syn. ofH. belanovskyiWeTves, 1973; H. garda Lehrer

2012, n. syn. of H. benaci (Bottcher, 1913); H. phallandina Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of H. dissimilis
(Meigen, 1826); Sarcophaga giganta Pape, 1996, n. syn. of H. gigas (Povolny, 1986); H.
budapestana Lehrer, 2011, n. syn. oi H. infixa (Bottcher, 1913); H. recubophalla Lehrer, 2013, n.
syn. of H. heptapotamica (Rohdendorf, 1937); Shoachaeta olimpiana Lehrer, 2012, n. syn. of H.
kataphygionis Povolny, 1999; H. stromboliana Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of H. kertezsi (Villeneuve,
1912); H. suriyyaha Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of H. lacrymans (Villeneuve, 1912); H. vonrohdendorfi
Lehrer 2013, n. syn. of H. pandellei (Rohdendorf, 1937); H. haesita Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of H.
pauciseta (Pandelle, 1896); H. turbophalla Lehrer 2013b, n. syn. of H. plotnikovi (Rohdendorf,
1925); H. simulopontica Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of H. pontica (Rohdendorf, 1937); H. verorecta
Lehrer 2013, n. syn. of H. porrecta (Bottcher, 1913); H. nadae Lehrer, 2006, n. syn. of H.
rohdendorfiana Mihalyi, 1975; H. kyrgyziana Lehrer, 2013, n. syn. of H. shnitnikovi (Rohdendorf,
1937); H. telengai Verves, 1973: 947, n. syn. of H. boettcheri (Villeneuve, 1912); Pandelleola
immortalis Lehrer, 2012, n. syn. ofH. boettcheri (Villeneuve, 1912); P. karmelina Lehrer, 2012, n.
syn. of H. boettcheri (Villeneuve, 1912); P. lunzeria Lehrer, 2012, n. syn. of H. boettcheri
(Villeneuve, 1912); P. pieriana Lehrer, 2012, n. syn. of H. boettcheri (Villeneuve, 1912); H. vagans
forma cruenta Peris et al., 1998, n. syn. of if. vagans (Meigen, 1926); Notoecus madeirops Lehrer

2013, n. syn. of Notoecus longestylatus (Strobl, 1906).

Key words: Sarcophagidae, Heteronychiina, diagnosis, key, genera, subgenera, species,
distribution, hosts.

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Contents

Abstract i

Contents 3

1. General information 6

2. Acknowledgement 7

3. Key to genera and subgenera 8

4. Genus Artamonoviella 8
4.1. A. monspellensia 8

5. Genus Discachaeta 9

5.1. D. amita 9

5.2. D. arcipes 9

5.3. D. cucullans 10

5.4. D. esthera 10

5.5. D. kunonis 10

5.6. D. pumila 10

5.7. D. smithi 11

6. Genus Heteronychia 11

6.1. Subgenus ^sceZocft's 11

6.1.1. (A.) amputata 12

6.1.2. i/. (A.) balanina 12

6.1.3. //. (A.) desertorum 12

6.1.4. if. (A.)ferox 12

6.1.5. (A.) mariutana 13

6.1.6. i/. (A.) sororia 13

6.1.7. //. (A.) strenua 13

6.2. Subgenus Boettcherella 13

6.2.1. //. (B.) helenae 14

6.2.2. //. (B.) muriZa 14

6.2.3. H. (B.) setinervis 14

6.3. Subgenus Ctenodasypygia 15

6.3.1. (C.) mediterranea 15

6.3.2. i/. (C.) minima 15

6.3.3. Jf- (C) penicillata 16

6.3.4. Jf- (C) santospintosi 17

6.3.5. (C) siciliensis 17

6.3.6. i/. (C.) tefrix 17

6.3.7. (C.) thirionae 17

6.3.8. //. (C.) tricoZor 18

6.3.9. Jf- (.C.) uncicurva 18

6.3.10. //. (C.) villeneuveana 18

6.4. Subgenus Heteronychia s. str 19

6.4.1. //. (s. sfr.) abramovi 19

6.4.2. i/. (s. str.) arnica 19

6.4.3. Jf- (s. sfr.) anatolica 20

6.4.4. Jf- (s- str.) ancilla 20

6.4.5. is. str.) ancilloides 20

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6.4.6. H. (s. sfr.) armeniaca 20

6.4.7. H. (s. str.) belanovskyi 20

6.4.8. H. (s. str.) benaci 21

6.4.9. H. (s. str.) bezziana 22

6.4.10. H. (s. str.) bulgarica 22

6.4.11. H. (s. sfr.) chaetoneura 22

6.4.12. //. (s. sfr.) chiquita 23

6.4.13. iJ. (s. str.) clarahenae 23

6.4.14. Jf. (s. str.) consanguinea 23

6.4.15. //. (s. str.) curvifemoralis 24

6.4.16. (s. str.) depressifrons 24

6.4.17. H. (s. str.) dissimilis 25

6.4.18. J/, (s. str.) enderleini 26

6.4.19. Jf. (s. str.) gabrielei 27

6.4.20. ff. (s. str.) gallica 27

6.4.21. J?, (s. str.) gigos 27

6.4.22. H. (s. str.) haemorrhoa 27

6.4.23. i/. (s. str.) haemorrhoides 28

6.4.24. /f. (s. str.) heptapotamica 29

6.4.25. /f. (s. str.) hystrix 30

6.4.26. if. (s. str.) infantilis 30
6.4. 27. //. (s. str.) in/ixa 30

6.4.28. (s. str.)javita 30

6.4.29. H. (s. str.) kataphygionis 31

6.4.30. i/. (s. str.) kertezsi 31

6.4.31. //. (s. str.) kovalae 31

6.4.32. //. (s. str.) kozlovi 31

6.4.33. (s. str.) lacrymans 32

6.4.34. (s- sfr-) lejlekensis 32

6.4.35. JJ- (s- str.) macromembrana 33

6.4.36. //. (s. str.) maritima 33

6.4.37. (s. str.) mazurmovitshi 33

6.4.38. i?. (s. str.) metopina 33

6.4.39. (s. str.) nanula 34

6.4.40. (s. str.) nipponensis 34

6.4.41. (s. str.) obuia 34

6.4.42. ff. (s. str.) pandellei 34

6.4.43. (s. str.) pauciseta 34

6.4.44. (s. str.) plotnikovi 35

6.4.45. (s. str.) pontica 36

6.4.46. (s. str.) porrecta 36

6.4.47. (s. str.) proxima 36

6.4.48. //. (s. str.) pseudobenaci 37

6.4.49. Jf- (s. str.) recta 37

6.4.50. H. (s. str.) rohdendorfi 37

6.4.51. //. (s. str.) rohdendorfiana 38

6.4.52. (s. str.) rondaniana 38

6.4.53. JJ- (s. str.) rosellensis 39

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IViimliPi' "^fi

6.4.54. H. (s. str.) schineri

39

6.4.55. H. (s. str.) shnitnikovi

39

6.4.56. H. (s. str.) siciliana

40

6.4.57. H. (s. str.) slovaca

40

6.4.58. H. (s. str.) smimovi

40

6.4.59. H. (s. str.) tsinanensis

40

6.4.60. H. (s. str.) tunisiae

41

6.4.61. H. (s. str.) vagans

41

6.4.62. H. (s. str.) vervesi

42

6.4.63. H. (s. str.) vicina

42

6.4. 64. H. (s. str.) violovitshi

43

6.5. Subgenus Pandelleola

43

6.5.1. H. fP.; boettcheri

43

6.5.2. iJ. fP.; ii'Ka

44

6.5.3. H. (P.)filiola

45

6.5.4. C^'J sicilia

45

6.5.5. J^- fPJ turana

45

7. Genus Karovia

46

7.1. K. hirticrus

46

8. Genus Notoecus

46

8.1. -ZV. longestylatus

47

9. References

47

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1. General information

This paper contains the original interpretation of new data about Heteronychiina in spite of
traditional system of sarcophagids (Lopes, 1969, 1982, 1989; Lopes et al., 1977; Povolny & Verves
1997; Rohdendorf, 1965, 1967; Shewell, 1987; Verves, 1986, 1989a, b, 1993; Verves & Khrokalo,
2009). The new faunistic data, mainly results of revision of materials from several scientific
institutions (see below) and original authors' collections are given too. The majority of recent
faunistic data from Ukraine have been published previosly (Verves, 1998a; Verves & Khrokalo,
2014a, b). The general faunistic data are given after Bernotiene et al., 2006; Kano et al., 1999;
Khrokalo & Verves, 2009; KoQak, 2014; Lehrer, 2006c; Pape, 1996; Pape & Merz, 1998; Pape et al.,
2002; Povolny & Verves, 1997; Richet et al., 2011; Verves, 1986, 1990, 1993, 1998, 2001; Verves &
Khrokalo, 2006, 2014a, b; Whitmore, 2011. The genera and subgenera are given according to
Verves, 1986, 1989, 1990, 1993; Verves & Khrokalo, 2006; Xue & Verves, 2009; Xue et al., 2011.

Abbreviations of states' names present according to MFI country codex. The first state of
regional records are asterisked (*). The determinations of specimens have been carried out with
using of a stereomicroscope Leica M205C (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, DE).

Subtribe Heteronychiina Rohdendorf, 1965

Rohdendorf, 1965: 683, 693.

Heteronychiina: Lehrer, 2012a: 1; 2012b: 19; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 158; Verves, 1989a: 93; 1993: 489;
Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 64; 2009: 270.

Grey, small to medium-sized (body length 2.0-15.0 mm) flies with checkering pattern at
abdominal tergites, sometimes almost shining black. Flagellomere usually 1,2-2,0 times longer
than pedicel; arista plumose or at least shortly haired. Thorax with 3, sometimes 2 or 4 strong
postsutural dorsocentral (pdc) bristles; hind trochanter usually with a ventral brush of tightly-
spaced, shortened, spine-like setae; propleuron bare. Wing veil rs open, sometimes closed or
petiolate; vein Ri with setulae on dorsal surface or bare. 3''^ abdominal tergite with or without a
single pair of mediomarginal setae. S: 5* abdominal sternite Y-formed, with brushes forming by
numerous thickened spinus-laked setae at the base of each arm; epandrium orange red to black in
colour, 1.5-3.0 times longer than broad, with distinctly elongated ventral margin; cercus hook-
shaped, sometimes with distinct preapical dorsal protuberance; apical part of cerci usually entirely
covered with setae, rarely with more or less conspicuous local areas; pregonite narrow and
elongate, postgonite hook-shaped; basiphallus elongate, epiphallus absent; vesica unpaired, spine-
or finger-lake, sometimes {Karovid) triangular; harpes absent; median stylus bifurcate, always
short; lateral styli mid long, rod-shaped, rarely more or less widening apically; ventralia with or
without apical arms; juxta well developed, sometimes distinctly shortened; lateral juxtal processes
variable in shape, often tooth-like or absent. mid femoral organ more ot less distinct; 6*
abdominal sternite as a rule complete, rarely centrally separated into a pair of lateral lobes,
blackith to brownish red; tergites 7^-10* usually absent, 6"^ sternite elongate.

This subtribe includes 5 genera and 98 species, distributed in Palaearctic, mainly in its
south-western part, and northern part of Oriental Region. Larvae are obligate internal parasitoids,
very rare facultative parasitoids and specialized necrophages (Karovid) of terrestrial snails
(phyllum MoZZusca: informal group Pulmonata).

Acronjmis of depositories
BMNH Natural History Museum, London, United UK.

CNBFVR Centre Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversita Forestale "Bosco Fontana",

Verona, Italy.

CNMP Czech National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.

DCAA Departamento de Ciencas Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante, ES.
EIZB Estonian Institute of Zoology and Botany, Tartu, Estonia
FED Far East Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences

FNS Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany.

FSAG Faculte Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques, Gembloux, Belgium
GZI Institute for Zoology, Georgian Academy of Siences, Tbilisi, Georgia.
HNHM Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary.
lEAS Institute of Entomology, Academia Sinica, Shanghai, CN.

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lEOS Instytut Ekologii i Ochrony Srodowiska UMK, Torun, Poland.
lEE Institute Espanol de Entomologia, Madrid, ES.
lEEU Institute of Evolutionary Ecology, Kyiv, Ukraine.

IMEC Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences and health, P. L.
A., Beijing, CN.

IRSNB Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium.
IZCA Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CN.
IZGAS Institute of Zoology, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, Georgia.

LZG Laboratoire de Zooloie Generale et Faunistique, Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques a Gemboux,
Belgium.

LU Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia.

MCU Museum of Cairo University, Egypt.

MGAB Museum d'Histoire Naturelle "Gregoire Antipa", Bucharest, Romania
MHNL Musee d'Histoire Naturelle de Lille
MMBC Moravian Muzeum, Brno, Czech Republic.
MMS Museo de la Ciencias Naturales de Madrid, ES.
MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

MNHUB Museum fur Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut fiir Evolutions- und Biodiversitatsforschung an der

Humboldt-Universitat, Berlin, Germany
MSNB Museum des Sciences Naturelles de Barcelone, ES
MZLU Museum of Zoology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
MZUF Museo Zoologico de "La Specola", Florence, Italy.
MZUR Museo di Zoologia, Universita di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
NCZS National Collection of Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta
NHRM Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden.
NMW Naturhistorishes Museum, Wien, Austria.
SET South European Territory, Russian Federation.

SIZK Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of

Ukraine, Kyiv.
SMB Stadtischen Museum Braunschweig, Germany.

SMF Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany.

SMCC Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, CN

SMNS Staatliches Museum fiir Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany.

SOFM National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, Bulgaria.

SZM Siberian Zoological Museum of the Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology,

Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
TAU Tel Aviv University, IL

TMDU Department of Medical Zoology, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Japan.
TU Torun University, Poland.

UCME = Departamento de Zoologia, Faculdad de Biologla, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, ES.
ULTC Universidad de La Lagune, Teneriffe, Canaries
UNS Universite de Neuchatel, Switzerland.

USNM Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History,

Washington, DC, USA.
WNM National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, England.
YVC Yu. G. Verves private collection, Kyiv, Ukraine.

ZIN Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
ZMAM Institute of Systematics and Biology of Populations, Zoological Museum, University of Amsterdam,

The Netherlands.

ZMHB Museum fiir Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat, Berlin, Germany.

ZMUC Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
ZMUM Museum of Zoology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
ZSM Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich, Germany.

2. Acknowledgement

We thank the following colleagues, who kindly put the material examined in this paper at our disposal, for
sending literature and for other invaluable assistance: A. Barkalov (SZM), late K. Elberg (EIZB), A. Karpa (LU), V.
Korneev (SIZK), late A. Lehrer (TAU), E. Narchuk (ZIN), late D. Povolny (MMBC), K. Szpila (lEOS), H.-P. Tschorsnig
(SMNS), D. Whitmore and N. Wyatt (BMNH), and an anonymous referee very much. We thank effusively to Prof. Dr. A.
O. KoQak for his inestimable contribution in preparing of this MS to print.

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3. Key to genera and subgenera 3

1. Cell rs petiolate; vein Ri bare 2.

- Cell rs open, rarely closed at wing border; vein Ri bare or setose 3.

2. 3-4 pairs oipdc; S- apical part of cercus laterally with strong dorsal preapical baek-liked swelling; vesica
small, not protruding; each of elongate juxtal arms with dorsal spinus (Figs. 1-3)
4. Artamonoviella Verves

- 2 pairs of pdc; S- apical part of cercus laterally almost not widened in preapical area; vesica strongly
protruding, finger-shaped; juxtal arms shortened, without dorsal spinus (Figs. 4-6)
8. Notoecus Stein

3. Juxta massive, well sclerotised, with a pair of elongate ribbon lateral arms (Figs. 7-9)
5. Discachaeta End.

- Juxta without lateral arms or latests short or spoon-shaped 4.

4. Vesica well sclerotised, short, triangle-shaped; ventralia almost not protruding; apical part of cercus in
profile shortened and pointed, wedge-shaped (Figs. 10-14) 7. Karovia Lehrer

- Vesica membranous, spine- or finger-lake; ventralia well developed, protruding; apical part of cercus in
profil elongate, with dorsal protuberance or without it 6. Heteronychia B. B.

a. Ventralia very wide, rounded at apex b.

- Ventralia with pointed apical arms c.

b. Lateral arms of juxta well developed, widened; vein Ri as a rule setulose on dorsal surface (Figs 15-
17) 6.2. Subg. Boettcherella End.

- Lateral arms of juxta absent; vein Ri bare (Figs. 18-20) 6.5. Subg. Pandelleola Rohd.

c. Vesica finger-lake; juxta narrowly elongated, without lateral arms (Fig. 21)
6.1. Subg. Asceloctis End.

- Vesica pointed at apex d.

d. Juxta elongate, obtusely rounded, with laterally disposed lateral arms (Fig. 22)
6.3. Subg. Ctenodasypygia End.

- Juxta another constructed, its lateral arms absent or ventrally disposed (Figs. 23-28)
6.4. Subg. Heteronychia s. str.

4. Genus ArtamonouicZia Verves, 1989

Verves, 1989a: 94.

Type species: Sarcophaga monspellensia Bottcher, 1913, by original designation.
Artamonoviella: Gonzalez-Mora et al., 1994: 203; Verves, 1993: 332.
"Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) filia-group" (in part): Whitmore et al., 2013: 629.

One Palaearctic species.

5.1. Artamonoviella monspellensia (Bottcher, 1913) (Figs. 1-3)

Sarcophaga monspellensia Bottcher, 1913a: 364.

Type locality: FR: Herault: Palavas. Lectotype: S' (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 42); deposited in

FNS.

Sarcophaga monspellensia: Schembri et al., 1991: 271; Seguy, 1941: 125.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) monspellensia: Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: 112; Pape, 1996: 331; Richet et al., 2011: 12,

29, 48, 84, 109, 133, 223; Whitmore, 2011: 42.
Sarcophaga (Artamonoviella) monspellensia: Pape et al. 2002: 219.
Heteronychia monspellensia: Verves, 1986: 157.

Artamonoviella monspellensia: Gonzalez-Mora et al., 1994: 203; Verves, 1989: 94.

Distribution: Europe: ES (continental and Balearic Is.); FR (continental), GR, IT
(continental & Sicily), MX; Asia: Mid East (TR); North Africa: TN.

Material examined: TN: Schmiedsknecht, 1 S (Villeneuve) (SMNS).

3 c?s only; 9 s have not any generic specificity.

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6. Genus Discachaeta Enderlein, 1928

Discachaeta Enderlein, 1928: 30.

Type species: Sarcophaga cucullans Pandelle, 1896, by original designation.
Discachaeta: Baranov, 1942: 562; Lehrer, 1997: 77; 2009c: 6; 2013c: 19; Mihaljd, 1979: 59, 139; Pape, 1987:

122; 1995: 7; Peris et al., 1994b: 157; Povolny, 1986: 232; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 158; Rohdendorf,

1965: 683, 693; Rudzinski, 1995: 113; Verves, 1986: 145; 1993: 491.
Pierretia (Discachaeta): Rohdendorf, 1937: 312.
Sarcophaga (Discachaeta): Pape, 1996: 314.

Shoachaeta Lehrer, 1997: 78; n. syn. Type species: Sarcophaga amita Rondani, i860, by original
designation.

Atlantina Lehrer, 2013c: 26; n. syn. Type species: Discachaeta kunonis Pape, 1986, by original designation.
Discachaetina: Enderlein, 1928: 44; erroneous original spelling oi Discachaeta.
"Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) cucullans-group": Whitmore et al., 2013: 632.
7 species of this genus are distributed in wrestern Palaearctic and (D. smithi) north part of
Oriental Region. Morphological features of (5* genitalia of D. amita and D. kunonis are not
distinguishable for designations of separate monotypic genera Shoachaeta and Atlantina
respectively.

5.1. Discachaeta amita (Rondani, i860)

Sarcophaga amita Rondani, i960: 391.

Type locality: IT: Parma. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1988: 6); deposited in MZUF.
Sarcophaga amita: Bottcher, 1913a: 120; Seguy, 1941: 73.

Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) amita: Pape, 1996: 314; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Prado e Castro et al., 2010: 286;
Richet et al., 2011: 27, 87, 100, 117; Whitmore et al., 2009: 32.
Pierretia (Discachaeta) amita: Rohdendorf, 1937: 316.

Discachaeta amita: Mihalyi, 1979: 140; Pape, 1988: 6; Peris et al., 1994b: 157; Povolny, 1986: 232; Povolny &
Verves, 1997: 159; Rohdendorf, 1965: 683, 693; 1970: 665; Verves, 1986: 145; 1993: 492.
Shoachaeta amita: Lehrer, 1997: 78.

Material examined DE: Wiirttemberg, 1872-1873, 1 (5* (Roser) (SMNS).

Distribution: Europe: DE, FR (continental & Corsica), HU, IT, PT, ES (continental &
Balearic Is.), CH.

5.2. Discachaeta arcipes (Pandelle, 1896)

Sarcophaga arcipes Pandelle, 1896: 184.

Type locality: FR: Hautes-Pyrenees, Tarbes. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 2004: 23); deposited
in MNHN.

Sarcophaga arcipes: Bottcher, 1913a: 116; Seguy, 1941: 76; Pape, 2004: 23.

Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) arcipes: Pape, 1996: 314; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Coupland & Baker, 2004: 112,

123; Richet et al., 2011: 27, 86, 100, 118.
Discachaeta arcipes: Enderlein, 1928: 36; Mihalyi, 1979: 140; Verves & Kuzmovich, 1979: 17; Povolny, 1986:

233; Verves, 1986: 146; 1993: 492; Peris et al., 1994b: 157, 159; Rudzinski, 1995: 113; Povolny &

Verves, 1997: 159; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 19.
Pierretia (Discachaeta) arcipes: Rohdendorf, 1937: 313; Strukan, 1967: 45.
Pierretia arcipes: Povolny & Groschaft, 1959: 131.
Bellieria arcipes: Baranov, 1942: 577.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BE, BG, CH, CZ, DE, ES, FR, HR, HU, IT, NL, PL, RO, RS, SK,
UA, UK (England).

Larvae parasitize terrestrial gastropods Euomphalia strigella (Povolny & Groschaft, 1959;
Coupland & Baker, 2004), Helicella itala (Rudzinski, 1995) and Xerolenta obvia (Verves &
Kuzmovich, 1979).

Material examined: AT: Moghng, Umgb. A. i. (X 1613), 1 S (Franz) (NMW); PL: Torun,
lotnisko, 30.07.2001, 4 (S (Szpila); SK: Janosikova, 26.04.1961, 1 (S (Valkovic); UA: Ternopil
Region: Terebovlya District, Zastynoche, 22.05.1972, 1 (5* (Verves) (YVC).

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5.3. Discachaeta cucullans (Pandelle, 1896)

Sarcophaga cucullans Pandelle, 1896: 179.

Type locality: FR: Hautes-Pyrenees, Tarbes. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 2004: 23); deposited
in MNHN.

Sarcophaga cucullans: Bdttcher, 1913a: 118; Seguy, 1941: 93; Pape, 2004: 26; Pape & Merz, 1998: 400.
Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) cucullans: Pape, 1995: 20; Pape, 1996: 315; Coupland & Baker, 2004: 112, 123;

Richet et al., 2011: 27, 100, 118; Kogak, 2014: 350.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) cucullans: Richet et al., 2011: 86; Kogak, 2014: 349.

Discachaeta cucullans: Enderlein, 1928: 30; Baranov, 1942: 563; Lehrer, 1966: 197; 1997: 80; Mihalyi, 1979:
139; Peris et al., 1994b: 157, 158; Povolny, 1986: 233; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 291; 1997: 160;
Rohdendorf, 1970: 665; Verves, 1978b: 41; 1986: 146; 1993: 493; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 19.

Pierretia (Discachaeta) cucullans: Baranov, 1941: 373; Rohdendorf, 1937: 314.

Discachaeta jacentkovskyi Enderlein, 1936: 98. Type locality: BG: Preslav. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape,
1995: 20); deposited in ZMHB.

Material examined: AZ: Talysh, Amburder, 31.05.1976, 1 (S (Dolin) (SIZK); Lerik District,
Kosmolyan, 1600-1700 m a. s.l., 20.V.-8.VI.1969, 12 (5*, 5 $; Mistan, 18.07.1970, 2 $ (Richter &
Tanasiychuk) (ZIN). GE: Ozurgeti Municipality, Vakidzhvari, 27.05.1965, 1 (j (Gudjabidze) (GZI).

Distribution: Europe: AT, BA, BG, CH, CZ, DE, ES, FR, GR, HR, HU, IT (continental &
Sicily), RO, RS, SK, UA; Asia: Mid East (IL, TR), North Caucasus: RU (Dagestan), Transcaucasia.

Larvae are know^n as internal parasitoids of several terrestrial gastropod species: Cernuella
virgata, Theba pisana (Lehrer, 1966; Hopkins & Baker, 1993), Euomphalia strigella and
Xerolenta obvia (Povolny & Verves, 1990).

5.4. Discachaeta esthera Lehrer, 2006

Discachaeta esthera Lehrer, 2006a: 46.

Type locality: IL: Nizzanim. Holotype: deposited in TAU.
Distribution: Asia: Mid East (IL).

5.5. Discachaeta kunonis Pape, 1986

Discachaeta kunonis Pape, 1986a: 2.

Type locality: PT: Madeira: Machico, Facho. Holotype: S; deposited in ZMUC.
Discachaeta kunonis: Verves, 1993: 495.

Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) kunonis: Pape, 1996: 315; Pape et al., 2002: 21.
Distribution: North Africa: PT (Madeira I.).

5.6. Discachaeta pumila (Meigen, 1826)

Sarcophaga pumila Meigen, 1826: 24.

Type locality: Europe, probably DE. Holotype: deposited in FNS.
Sarcophaga pumila: Bottcher, 1913a: 116; Moran, 1987: 129; Seguy, 1941: 136.

Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) pumila: Pape, 1996: 316; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Pohjoismaki & Kahanpaa, 2014:

389; Richet et al., 2011: 27, 86, 100, 119.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pumila: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 112, 123.
Bellieria pumila: Baranov, 1942: 588; Enderlein, 1928: 37.
Pierretia (Discachaeta) pumila: Rohdendorf, 1937: 313.

Discachaeta pumila: Mihalyi, 1979: 140; Pape, 1987: 124; Peris et al., 1994b: 157, 159; Povolny &
Slameckova, 1979: 115; Rohdendorf, 1970: 668; Verves, 1986: 146; 1993: 495; Povolny & Verves, 1997:
160; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 19.

Sarcophaga proxima var. inermis Strobl, 1894: 63. Type locality: AT: Steiermark, Aussee. Holotype: 6^;
deposited in NMW.

Sarcophaga latigena Pandelle, 1896: 199. Type locality: RU: Kaliningrad Region. Holotype: 6*; deposited in
MNHN.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BE, CH, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR (continental), HR, IT
(continental), LT, LV, NL, NO, PL, RO, RU, SE, SK, UA, UK; Asia: Mid East (IL).

Larvae are suspected parasitoids of the crop-damaging snails Theba pisana and Cernuella
virgata (Harpaz & Oseri, 1961; Moran, 1987). Flies reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails
(Richet et al., 2011).

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Material examined: AT: Tirol, Mayrhofen, 23.08.1945, 1 S (ZSM). DK: Smormosen, UB38,
19.05.1984, 1 (S, (Pape) (YVC). DE: [Bayern] Allgau, Wengen b. Hinterstein, "A 1293" 11.08.1926, 1
(S (Engel); Bremen, 7.07.40, 1 $ (SMNS); Bremen-Vahr, 14.07.1982, 1 S (Vedder) (SMB);
[Meklenburg-Vorpommern] Kiihlungsborn, 19.07.1928, 1 (SMNS). LV: Engure, 17.07.2011, 1
Salaspils, 24.05.2010, 3 $ (Karpa); Saldus, 2.06.1992, i(S (Spuris) (LU). RU: Leningrad Region:
Rozhdestvenno, 22.06.1956, 3 (S (Stackelberg) (ZIN).

5.7. Discachaeta smithi (Nandi, 1990)

Pierretia (Bercaed) smiY/iz Nandi, 1990: 21.

Type locality: IN: "Bihar" [recte: Jharkhand]: Deoghar, Nalakha. Holotype: deposited in NCZS.
Heteronychia {Ctenodasypygia) smithi Nandi, 2002: 520, 523.
Discachaeta smithiYerves, 2001: 238.

Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) smithiana Pape, 1996: 59, 334; unnecessary new name for Pierretia smithi.
Distribution: Oriental Region: IN (Jharkhand).

6. Genus Heteronychia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889

Heteronychia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889: 124.

Type species: Heteronychia chaetoneura Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889, by original designation.
Heteronychia: Fan, 1992: 651; Kano & Kurahashi, 1999: 73; Lehrer, 2006b: 1; Mihal5a, 1979: 59, 140; Pape,

1987: 133; Peris etal., 1996a: 15; 1998: 165; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 161; Rohdendorf, 1965: 684, 693;

1970: 630, 665; Verves, 1986: 146; 1990: 569, 584, 594; 1993: 496; Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 76, 148.
Pierretia: Rohdendorf, 1937: 303; Povolny & Slameckova, 1959: 423; misidentification: not Pierretia

Robineau-Desvpidy, 1863.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia): Lehrer, 2012a: 1; 2012b: 1; 2012c: 19; 2013a: i; 2013b: i; 2013d: 1; Pape, 1995:
6, 10, 11; 1996: 321; Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 1; Whitmore, 2009: 566; 2010: 3; 2011: 1; Whitmore et al.,
2013: 604.

89 species of this genus are distributed in Palaearctic and northern part of Oriental
Regions.

6.1. Subgenus AsceZoctis Enderlein, 1928

Asceloctis Enderlein, 1928: 51.

Type species: Sarcophaga balanina Pandelle, 1896, by original designation.
Asceloctis: Pape, 1995: 4.
Pierretia (Asceloctis): Rohdendorf, 1937: 316.

Heteronychia (Asceloctis); Peris et al. 1996a: 15; Rohdendorf, 1965: 684, 693; Verves, 1986: 147; 1993: 497;.
Hartigia: Enderlein, 1928: 46, not Robineau-Desvoidy 1863: 521 (Junior homonym of Hartigia Schioedte,

1838, Hymenoptera). Type species: Hartigia strenua Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, by original

designation.
Pierretia (Hartigia): Rohdendorf, 1937: 317.

Salemea Rohdendorf, 1965: 683, 693. Type species: Hartigia strenua Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, by original
designation.

Salemea: Lehrer, 1995a: 157; Povolny, 2004: 17; Verves, 1986: 158; 1993: 489.

Devriesia Lehrer, 1995a: 158. Type species: Sarcop/iaga/erox Villeneuve, 1908, by original designation.
Salemiophalla Lehrer, 1995a: 162. Type species: Sarcophaga desertorum Salem, 1935, by original
designation.

"Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) ferox-group": Whitmore et al., 2013: 631.

Ascelotis: Engel, 1938: 16; erroneous subsequent spelling of Asceloctis Enderlein, 1928.

Ascleloctis: Zumpt, 1953: 22; erroneous subsequent spelling oi Asceloctis Enderlein, 1928.

7 species of this subgenus are distributed exclusively in Mediterranean Region.

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6.1.1. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) amputata (Pape, 1990)

Sarcophaga amputata Pape, 1990: 39.

Type locality: PT: Madeira: between Canical & Prainha. Holotype: ; deposited in WNM.
Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) amputata: Pape, 1996: 314; Pape et al. 2002: 219.
Heteronychia (Asceloctis) amputata: Verves, 1993: 497.

Distribution: North Africa: PT (Madeira I.).

6.1.2. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) balanina (Pandelle, 1896) (Fig. 21)

Sarcophaga balanina Pandelle, 1896: 180.

Type locality: FR: Var, Hyeres. Lectotype: (des. Pape 2004, p. 24); deposited in MNHN.
Sarcophaga balanina: Bottcher, 1913a: 120; Seguy, 1941: 79.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) balanina: Coupland 1994: 19; Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113; Pape, 1996: 323;

2004: 24; Pape et al., 2002: 219: Richet et al., 2011: 28, 85, 99, 127.
Asceloctis balanina: Enderlein, 1928: 51; Baranov, 1942: 634.
Pierretia (Asceloctis) balanina: Rohdendorf, 1937: 317.

Heteronychia (Asceloctis) balanina: Peris et al., 1996a: 17, 18; Rohdendorf, 1975: 199; Verves, 1986: 147;
1993: 498.

Heteronychia salerensis Lehrer, 1978: 145. Type locality: ES: Valencia, El Saler. Holotype: deposited in
lEE.

Devriesia picciolinea Lehrer, 20i2d: 1, n. syn. Type locality: IT: Cascine. Holotype: S', deposited in MSNF.

Distribution: Europe: BG, HR, FR (continental), IT (continental), PT, RS, ES; North Africa:

MA.

Larvae are parasitoids of terrestrial snails Eobania vermiculata and Theba pisana
(Coupland, 1994; Coupland & Baker, 2004); introduced to Southern Australia as natural enemy of
crop pests - terrestrial molluscs (Baker, 2002; Hopkins & Baker, 1993); reared in the laboratory on
freshly killed snails (Richet et al., 2011).

The original description and drawings of (5* genitalia of Devriesia picciolinea are very
detailed and practically not differentiated from similar descriptions and drav^fings of (5* genitalia of
H. balanina by Rohdendorf, 1937: 338, fig. 454; Verves, 1993: 498, fig. 524; Peris et al., 1996a: 18,
figs 1-5, etc.

Material examined: PT: Alvor, 6.05.1999, 5 S (Buszko) (YVC).

6.1.3. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) desertorum (Salem, 1935)

Sarcophaga desertorum Salem, 1935: 31.

Type locality: EG: Suez Road, 17 km from Heliopolis. Holotype: S; deposited in MCU.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) desertorum: Pape, 1996: 325.
Pierretia (Hartigia) desertorum: Rohdendorf, 1937: 321.
Heteronychia (Salemea) desertorum: Verves, 1986: 159,
Heteronychia (Asceloctis) desertorum: Peris et al., 1996a: 18.
Salemiophalla desertorum: Lehrer, 1995a: 162; 2003: 406.

Distribution: Asia: Mid East (EG); North Africa: EG.

6.1.4. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) ferox (Villeneuve, 1908)

Sarcop/iaga/erox Villeneuve, 1908: 123.

Type locality: ES: Canary Is.: Tenerife, Santa Cruz. Lectotype: (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 32);
deposited in MNHUB.

Sarcophaga ferox: Bdttcher, 1913a: 121, 371; Seguy, 1941: 100;

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) ferox: Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: ill; Pape, 1996: 327; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 85, 99,

i29;Whitmore, 2009: 572; 2011: 31, 32.
Hartigia ferox: Enderlein, 1928: 46.
Pierretia (Hartigia) ferox: Rohdendorf, 1937: 319.

Salemea ferox: Povolny, 1997a: 51; 1999: 19; 2004: 19; Povolny & Znojil, 1999: 195; Rohdendorf, 1975: 198;

Verves, 1986: 159.
Heteronychia (Asceloctis) ferox: Peris et al. 1996a: 17, 19.
Devriesia ferox: Lehrer, 2003: 173; 2013a: 10.

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Sarcophaga bolivari Gil Collado, 1932: 281. Type locality: ES: Balearic Is., Ibiza I. Holotype: deposited in
MMS.

Sarcophaga bolivari: Schembri et al., 1991: 270; Seguy, 1941: 83.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) bolivari: Pape, 1996: 327.
Pierretia (Hartigia) bolivari: Rohdendorf, 1937: 320.
Salemea bolivari: Verves, 1986: 159.

Devriesia weberi Lehrer, 1995a: 160. Type locality: ES: Balearic Is., Menorca I. Holotype: deposited in
ZMAM.

Heteronychia (Asceloctis) perplexa Peris et al. 1996a: 19. Type locality: ES: Alicante, Pego. Holotype:

deposited in UCME.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) perplexa: Richet et al., 2011: 85.

Distribution: Europe: ES (contitental and Balearic Is.), FR (continental), IT (continental,
Sardinia and Sicily), MT; North Africa: DZ, EG, ES (Canary Is.), MA, TN.

Larvae are the internal parasitoids of land snedl Eobania vermiculata (Gatt & Ebejer, 2014).
Material examined: ES: Almeria, Rioja, 12. 04.1966, 1 (S (Lyneborg) (YVC).

6.1.5. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) mariutana (Salem, 1935)

Sarcophaga mariutana Salem, 1935: 26.

Type localities: EG: Mariut, Bahig; Mariut, Burg (MCU).
Sarcophaga mariutana: Salem, 1936: 247.
Pierretia (Hartigia); mariutana: Rohdendorf, 1937: 321.
Devriesia mariutana: Lehrer, 2003: 174.
Salemea mariutana: Povolny, 2004: 8.

Salemea ferox: Verves, 1986: 159 (in part); misidentification: not Sarcop/iaga/erox Villeneuve, 1908.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) ferox: Pape, 1996: 327 (in part); misidentification: not Sarcophaga ferox
Villeneuve, 1908.

Distribution: Asia: Mid East (EG, IL); North Africa: EG (Sinai).

6.1.6. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) sororia (Povolny, 2004), n. comb.

Salemea sororia Povolny, 2004: 8, 10.

Type locality: IT: Sicily: Pizzo Onofrio-Casina (Tribia), near Palermo. Holotype: S',
deposited in MMBC.

Distribution: Europe: IT: Sicily.

This species belongs to genus Heteronychia and subgenus Asceloctis according modern
authors' conception.

6.1.7. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) strenua (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863)

Hartigia strenua Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 521.

Type locality: FR: near Paris.
Hartigia strenua: Baranov, 1942: 619; Enderlein, 1928: 46.
Sarcophaga strenua: Seguy, 1941: 153.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) strenua: Pape, 1996: 334.
Heteronychia strenua: Mihalyi, 1979: 141.
Heteronychia (Asceloctis) strenua: Peris et al., 1996a: 18.
Salemea strenua: Verves, 1986: 159.

Pierretia (Hartigia) sternua: Rohdendorf 1937: 319 (incorrect subsequent spelling of strenua).
Distribution: Europe: CZ, FR (continental), HR, IT (continental).

6.2. Subgenus Boettcherella Enderlein, 1928

Boettcherella Enderlein, 1928: 49.

Type-species: Sarcophaga setinervis Rondani, i860, by original designation.
Boettcherella: Lehrer, 1998a: 80; 1998b: 3; 2003: 124; Pape, 1995: 5.
Pierretia (Boettcherella): Rohdendorf, 1937: 336.

Heteronychia (Boettcherella): Povolny & Verves, 1990: 312; 1997: 163; Rohdendorf, 1965: 683, 693; Verves,
1986: 147; 1993: 499-

3 species are distributed in Mediterranean and Mid-Asian Regions.

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6.2.1. Heteronychia (Boettcherella) helenae (Trofimov, 1948)

Pierretia (Boettcherelld) helenae: Trofimov, 1948: 835.

Type locality: AZ: Talysh. Holotype: S; deposited in ZIN.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) helenae: Koqak, 2014: 349; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Whitmore, 2011: 35.
Spatulapica helenae: Lehrer, 2013d: 22.

Heteronychia (Mediterranisca) kobachidzei Gudjabidze, 1965: 183. Type locality: GE: Verkhnya Racha,

Gurshevi. Holotype: 6*; deposited in IZGAZ.
Heteronychia kobachidzei: Verves, 1978b: 42.
Heteronychia {Ctenodasypydia) kobachidzei: Verves, 1986: 148.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) kobachidzei: Pape, 1996: 330; Whitmore, 2011: 52.

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) fratema Lehrer, 1977a: 27. Type locality: BG: Haskovo. Holotype: deposited
in SOFM.

Spatulapica fraterna: Lehrer, 2012a: 11; 2013d: 23.

Spatulapica delicata Lehrer, 2000a: 33. Type locality: IL: North Amud. Holot5^e: deposited in TAU.
Spatulapica delicata: Lehrer, 2012a: 11.

Distribution: Europe: BG, GR; Asia: Mid Asia (TM), Mid East (IL, TR), Transcaucasia.

Material examined: AM: Arzakend, 30.07.1965, 4 S (Richter) (ZIN); Kotigegh [now: Koti],
17.06.1974, 1 9 (Ponomarenko) (YVC). TR: Antalya District: Be§konak, nr Serik, 25.05.2005, 1 <S;
Mercin District: Findiopinari, "alpinarium", 29.05.2005, 2 (Bystrowrski) (YVC).

6.2.2. Heteronychia (Boettcherella) mutila (Villeneuve, 1912)

Sarcophaga setinervisvar. muri/a Villeneuve, 1912b: 611.

Type locality: CY: Larnaka. Lectotype: (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 43); deposited in IRSNB.
Sarcophaga setinervis var. mutila: Bottcher, 1913a: 239; Seguy, 1941: 146.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) mutila: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113; Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Kogak, 2014:

350; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: i38;Pape, 1996: 331; Richet et al., 2011: 86; Whitmore, 2011: 43.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) mutila: Rohdendorf, 1937: 339.
Boettcherella mutila: Baranov, 1942: 628; Lehrer, 1998a: 85.

Heteronychia mutila: Lehrer, 1967: 4; Mihalyi, 1979: 143; Rohdendorf, 1970: 667; Verves, 1978b: 41.
Heteronychia (Boettcherella) mutila: Povolny, 1986: 237; 1997b: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 313; 1997: 163;

Verves, 1986: 147; 1993: 500; 1998: 52; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 19.
Heteronychia (Boettcherella) nedelkoffi Lehrer, 1977a: 32. Type locality: BG: Sliven. Holotype: cJ; deposited

in SOFM.

Boettcherella nedelkoffi: Lehrer, 1998a: 86.

Boettcherella galmuda Lehrer 1998a: 90. Type localities: AM, RU, UA.

Distribution: Europe: BG, GR (continental and Poros I.), HR, HU, IT (continental), RO, RS,
SK, UA; Asia: Mid East (CY, TR), North Caucasus: RU (Krasnodar Region), Transcaucasia (AM,
GE).

Larvae were registered as parasitoids of terrestrial snails of family Helicidae (Coupland &
Baker, 2004).

Material examined: HR: Gruz, Ombla, 14.05.1924, 1 (Lindner). RS: Golubac, 21.04.1927, 1
(Engel) (SMNS).

6.2.3. Heteronychia (Boettcherella) setinervis (Rondani, i860) (Figs 15-17)

Sarcophaga setinervis Rondani, i860: 389.

Type locality: IT: Parma. Lectotype: S [designated by Pape, 1988: 15); deposited in Museo Zoologico
"La Specola", Florence, IT.

Sarcophaga setinervis: Bottcher, 1913a: 130; Pape, 1988: 15; Seguy, 1941: 146.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) setinervis: Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Kogak, 2014: 350; KoQak & Kemal, 2013:
138; Menzel & Ziegler, 2002: 390; Pape, 1996: 333; Richet et al., 2011: 12, 29, 50, 86, 109, 135.

Boettcherella setinervis: Baranov, 1942: 629; Enderlein, 1928: 49; Lehrer, 1998a: 84; 2003: 124; 2012a: 11;
2013a: 13.

Pierretia (Heteronychia) setinervis: Rohdendorf, 1937: 336.

Heteronychia setinervis: Mihalyi, 1979: 143; Rohdendorf, 1970: 667; Verves, 1978b: 41.
Heteronychia (Boettcherella) setinervis: Povolny, 1992: 183; 1996: 90; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 291, 313,
315; Verves, 1986: 147; 1993: 501.

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Sarcophaga puerula Rondani, i860: 389. Type locality: "In Italia media et boreali". Lectotype: (designated

by Pape, 1988: 14); deposited in MZUF.
Sarcophaga efflatouni Salem, 1935: 24. Type locality: EG: Mariout. Holotype: deposited in MCU.
Heteronychia (Boettcherella) seguyi Lehrer, 1977b: 223. Type locality: TR: Denizli, Pamukkale. Holotype:

deposited in LZG.

Distribution: Palaearctic: Europe: AT, BG, FR, GR, HU, IT, MK, RO, RS; Asia: KZ; Mid
Asia; Mid East (CY, IL, IR, PS, TR); North Caucasus: RU (Chechnya, Dagestan); Transcaucasia;
North Africa: EG. Afrotropical Region: SD4.

Material examined: AZ: A§agi Agcakand, 21.05.1974, 1 (Zherikhin). CY: 6 km SE from
Ayia Napa, Cape Greco, N 34°57'56", E 34°03'43", at flowers of Ferula tingitana, 9.08.2013, 2 S
(Verves) (YVC). GE: Atskuri, 27.07.1967, 2 S; Shiraki, 28.05.1965, 3 S (Gudjabidze) (GZI). IL:
Negev, Ein Avdat NP, Nahal Zin, 17.05.2006, 2 <S (Szpila) (YVC); Mt Scopus, 29.07., 12.08.1930, 2
S (BMNH). TJ: Kulyab, 17.07.1933, 1 c? (Popov) (ZIN). TR: Alanya: Avsallar, 36''36'54" N,
3i°46'38" E, ground path in bushes, 4-7.08.2010, 38 S, 2 $, one pair in copula; Antalya: Side, clay
loam waste plot of land, 36°47'38" N, 3i°22'43" E, 10-19.08.2011, 84 (S, 38 $ (Verves & Khrokalo);
Be§konak near Serik, "st. 1", 25.05.2005, 1 c?; Mersin: Findiopinari, "alpinarium, st. 2",
29.05.2005, 2 (5* (Bystrowski) (YVC & lEEU); Konya: Ak§ehir [as Akschehir Ova], 21.06.1924, 1 c5'
(Lindner) (SMNS).

6.3. Subgenus Ctenodasypygia Enderlein, 1928

Ctenodasypygia Enderlein, 1928: 40.

Type-species: Sarcophaga fertoni Villeneuve, 1911 (= Sarcophaga minima Rondani, 1862), by
original designation.

Ctenodasypygia: Lehrer, 2003: 28, 148; 2010: 29; Pape, 1995: 5.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia): Peris et al., 1996b: 23; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 163; Verves, 1986: 148;
1993: 502;

Bercaea: Enderlein, 1928: 40 (misidendtification: not 5ercaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 549). Type species:

Sarcophaga penicillata Villeneuve, 1907, by original designation.
Pierretia {Bercaea): Rohdendorf, 1937: 322.

Mediterranisca Rohdendorf, 1965: 684 (as subgenus of Heteronychia). Type species: Sarcophaga

penicillata Villeneuve, 1907, by original designation.
Mediterranisca: Lehrer, 2003: 28, 320.

Leclercqiomyia Lehrer, 1976a: 197. Type species: Leclercqiomyia thirionae Lehrer, 1976, by original

designation.
Leclercqiomyia: Lehrer, 2003: 28, 231.

Benedenia Lehrer, 1976a: 200 (as subgenus of Leclercqiomyia). Type species: Leclercqiomyia mousseti

Lehrer, 1976 (= Sarcophaga minima Rondani, 1862), by original designation.
"Sarcophaga [Heteronychia) minima-group": Whitmore et al., 2013: 631.

10 species of this subgenus are exclusively distributed in Mediterranean Region.

6.3.1. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) mediterranea (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) mediterranea Whitmore, 2011: 10.

Type locality: IT: Lazio, Castel Romano. Holotype: S', deposited in CNBFVR.
Leclercqiomyia penicillata: Lehrer, 2012c: 22 (misidendtification: not Sarcophaga penicillata Villeneuve,
1907: 395).

Distribution: Europe: HR, IT (continental & Sicily).

6.3.2. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) minima (Rondani, 1862) (Fig. 22)

Sarcophaga minima Rondani, 1862: 113.

Type locality: IT: Parma. Holotype: deposited in MZUF.
Sarcophaga minima: Bottcher, 1913a: 364; 1913b: 171.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) minima: Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: ill; Kogak, 2014: 350; KoQak & Kemal, 2013:
138; Pape, 1988: 10; 1996: 331; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: pp. 29, 84, 101, 133;
Whitmore, 2009: 572, 589; 2011: 40.

Pierretia minima: Rohdendorf, 1937: 386.

" after Lewis, 1955; most probably, erroneous determination.

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Heteronychia minima: Povolny, 1998a: 53; 1999: 19.

Heteronychia {Ctenodasypygid) minima: Peris et al., 1996b: 27; Povolny, 1996: 94; 1997b: 99; Povolny &

Verves, 1990: 292; 1997: 185.
Sarcophaga fertoni Villeneuve, 1911: 127. Type locality: FR: Grenoble. Lectotype: (designated by

Whitmore, 2011: 40); deposited in IRSNB.
Sarcophaga fertoni: Bottcher, 1913a: 127; Salem, 1935: 34; 1936: 233; Seguy, 1941: 101.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) fertoni: Coupland & Baker, 1994: 185; 2004: 113; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Sevgili

et al., 2004: 150.

Ctenodasypygia fertoni: Baranov, 1942: 596; Enderlein, 1928: 40; Lehrer, 2003: 148; 20o6d: 15; 2013d: 24.
Pierretia (Bercaea) fertoni: Rohdendorf, 1937: 328.
Heteronychia fertoni: Mihalyi, 1979: 144.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) fertoni: Peris et al., 1996b: 28; Povolny, 1996: 94; Povolny & Verves, 1990:

292; Verves, 1986: 148; 1993: 503.
Pierretia (Bercaea) graeca Rohdendorf, 1937: 327. Type locality: GR: Parnassus Mt. Holotype: deposited

in ZIN.

Heteronychia graeca: Mihalyi, 1979: 144.

Heteronychia (Mediterranisca) graeca: Rohdendorf, 1975: 199.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) graeca: Peris et al., 1996b: 27; Povolny, 1996: 94; Povolny & Verves 1990:
292; Verves, 1986: 148.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) graeca: Coupland, 1994: 19; Coupland & Baker, 1994: 185; 2004: 113. Pape,

1996: 328; Pape et al., 2002: 219.
Ctenodasypygia graeca: Kogak, 2014: 350; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 136; Lehrer, 2006c: 15; 2013d: 24.
Leclercqiomyia mousseti Lehrer, 1976a: 200. Type locality: TR: Ortoklar. Holotype: 6*; deposited in LZG.
Ctenodasypygia acroficta Lehrer, 2013d: 20, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Heteronychia (Ctrenodasypygia) gracea: Schembri et al., 1991: 270 (incorrect subsequent spelling of
graeca).

Distribution: Europe: AT, BG, CZ, ES (continental & Balearic Is.); FR, GR, HR, HU, IT, MT,
PT, SK; Asia: Mid East (EG, IL, PS, TR); North Africa: DZ, EG, MA, TN.

Larvae are internal parasitoids of terrestrial snails: Cernuella virgata, Cochlicella acuta,
Thebapisana, Trochoidea elegans, T. simulata (Coupland, 1994; Coupland & Baker, 1994, 2004).

Description of S Ctenodasypygia acroficta is based at drawings of (5* genitalia of H.
minima from Whitmore, 2010: 91, pi. 48. The differences betv^^een various original drav\dngs of c?
genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be
used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: IL: Negev, Ein Avdat NP, Nahal Zin, 17.V.2006, 2 (S (Szpila).
MT:"Mis/Fa", 5.07.1978, 1 (Schembri). TR: Alanya: Avsallar, 36°36'54" N, 3i046'38" E, ground
path in bushes, 4-7.08.2010, 9 (5*, 1 $; Antalya: Side, clay loam waste plot of land, 36°47'38" N,
31022'43" E, 12.08.2011, 1 (S (Verves & Khrokalo) (YVC & lEEU). PS: Ein Feshkha (as "Ain
Feshkha"), Dead Sea, 20.01.1947, 2 c^; Jeriho, "Be 3/10", 5.04.1947, 2 S (BMNH).

6.3.3. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) penicillata (Villeneuve, 1907)

Sarcophaga penicillata Villeneuve, 1907: 395 (originally published in synonymy with Sarcophaga uncicurva

Pandelle, 1896 and validated by subsequent use of Bottcher, 1913a: 127).

Type locality: FR: Herault: Palavas. Holotype: deposited in IRSNB.
Sarcophaga uncicurva penicillata: Bottcher, 1913a: 127, 372; Villeneuve, 1929: 182.
Sarcophaga penicillata: Schembri et al., 1991: 270; Seguy, 1941: 130.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) penicillata: Baker & Charwat, 2000: 49; Coupland & Baker, 1994: 185; 2004:

113, 125; Pape, 1996: 332; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 85, 99, 134.
Bercaea penicillata: Enderlein, 1928: 51.
Heteronychia penicillata: Povolny, 1998a: 53; 1999: 19.
Heteronychia (Mediterranisca) penicillata: Rohdendorf, 1965: 684, 693.
Mediterranisca penicillata: Lehrer, 2003: 320.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) penicillata: Peris et al. 1996b: 24; Povolny, 1992: 173, 174, 181; 1996: 91;
Verves, 1986: 148.

Pierretia (Bercaea) maroccana Rohdendorf, 1937: 325. Type locality: MA: Ain Defali. Holotype: (S;
deposited in ZIN.

Distribution: Europe: BG, ES (continental & Balearic Is.), HR, FR (continental), GR, IT
(continental), MT; Asia: Mid East (IL); North Africa: DZ, MA, TN.

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Larvae are sufficiently specific parasites of terrestrial snails Cochlicella acuta and Prietocella
barbara (Coupland, 1994). $ remains with the snail and discourages other $ from larvipositing
for 5-65 min, deposits one larva in snail. Such post-ovipositional "host-guarding" behaviour allows
the larva to gain enough of a growth advantage to prevent development of any subsequent larvae
deposited on the same host (Feerner & Brown, 1997).

Material examined: IT: Caserta Province: Villalatina nr. Naples, 1500 ft, 15.07.1919, 1 (5*;
Toscana, 20. 09.1918, 1 <S (Querci) (BMNH). ES: San Quirico de Besora, 10-15.08.1927, 1 (Engel).
TN: [no further data] 1 S (Schmiedsknecht) (SMNS).

6.3.4. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) santospintosi (Lehrer & Baez, 1986)

Mediterranisca santospintosi Lehrer & Baez, 1986: 233.

Type locality: ES: Canary Is.: Fuerteventura L, Ortega Valley. Holotype: deposited in ULTC.
Mediterranisca santospintosi: Lehrer, 2003: 320.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) santospintosi: Pape, 1996: 333, Pape et al., 2002: 219.
Heteronychia {Ctenodasypygid) santospintosi: Peris et al., 1996b: 25.
Distribution: North Africa: Es (Canary Is.).

6.3.5. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygid) siciliensis (Bottcher, 1913)

Sarcophaga siciKensis Bottcher, 1913a: 125.

Type locality: IT: Sicily. Holotype: deposited in SMF.
Sarcophaga (^Heteronychia) siciliensis: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 114, 215; Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Kogak,

2014: 350; KoQak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1996: 334; Richet et al., 2011: 84.
Pierretia (Bercaea) siciKensis: Rohdendorf, 1937: 326.

Heteronychia siciUensis: Lehrer, 1967: 6; Povolny, 1998a: 53; Rohdendorf, 1970: 667.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygid) siciKensis: Povolny, 1992: 182; 1996: 92; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 293;

Verves, 1986: 148; 1993: 503; 1998: 52; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 19.
Ctenodasypygia siciKensis: Lehrer, 2003: 150; 2006c: 16; 20o6d: 16; 2008c: 18.
Sarcophaga indigens Villeneuve, 1913, in: Bottcher, 1913a: 125; nomen nudum.

Material examined: IL: Mt Carmel, 22.09.1941, 1 c?; Kiryat Anavim, 31.07.1930, 1 cj (BMNH);
Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, 14.06.1931, 1 (S (Aaroni) (SMNS). SY: Golan heights, Katsrin, 9.05.2006 1
(5* (Szpila). TR: Antalya: Side, clay loam waste plot of land, 36°47'38" N, 31022'43" E, 10-
19.08.2011, 20 S, 13 ? (Verves & Khrokalo) (YVC & lEEU). PS: Kfar Etzion, 16.10.1935, 1 S; Mt
Scopus, 15.07. & 17.X.1930, 14.06.1931, 3 (S (BMNH).

Distribution: Europe: BG, ES, GR, HU, IT, RO, UA; Asia: Mid East: CY, IL, SY, TR, PS;
North Africa: EG, ES (Canary Is.).

6.3.6. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygid) tetrix (Whitmore, 2011)

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) tefrix Whitmore, 2011: 30.

Type locality: IT: Sicily, Messina. Holotype: S\ deposited in MZUR.
Heteronychia tetrix: Lehrer, 2012c: 25.

Distribution: Europe: IT (Sicily).

6.3.7. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) thirionae (Lehrer, 1976)

Leclercqiomyia thirionae Lehrer, 1976a: 197.

Type locality: TR: Bursa, Gemlik. Holotype: deposited in FSAG.
Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) thirionae: Verves, 1986: 148.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) thirionae: Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Kogak, 2014: 350; Kogak & Kemal, 2013:
138; Pape, 1996: 335; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 85, 99, 136; Whitmore, 2009: 571, 572, 582.

Heteronychia peniciUata: Povolny, 1992: 181; 1996: 91; misidentification; not Sarcophaga peniciUata
Villeneuve, 1907.

Distribution: Europe: BG, GR (continental part & Crete), IT (Sardinia), PR (Corsica); Asia:
Mid East (TR); North Africa: DZ.

9 larviposited on living terrestrial snails, probably of the genus Helicella (Povolny, 1992).

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6.3.8. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) tricolor (Villeneuve, 1908)

Sarcophaga tricolor YiWeneuve, 1908: 125.

Type locality: ES: Canary Is.: Laguna. Lectotype: S (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 49); deposited in
MNHUB.

Sarcophaga tricolor: Bottcher, 1913a: 124; Seguy, 1941: 161.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) tricolor: Pape, 1996: 335.

Dasypygia tricolor: Enderlein, 1928: 40.

Pierretia (Pandelleola) tricolor: Rohdendorf, 1937: 329.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) tricolor: Peris et al., 1996b: 26; Verves, 1986: 155.

Heteronychia tricolor: Lehrer, 20o6d: 15; 2013a: 13.

Pandelleola tricolor: Lehrer, 2003: 349.

Leclercqiomyia gomezbustilloi Lehrer & Baez, 1986: 236. Type locality: ES: Canary Is.: Tenerife I., Mt Aqua.
Lectotype: (? (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 49); deposited in MSNB.
Leclercqiomyia gomezbustilloi: Lehrer, 2006d: 15; 2013a: 14.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) gomezbustilloi: Pape, 1996: 328.
Distribution: North Africa: ES (Canary Is.).

Material examined: ES: Canary Is.: Tenerife I.: Las Casteras, 8.05.1964, 1 (5*, 1 $, (Lindner)
(SMNS).

6.3.9. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygid) uncicurva (Pandelle, 1896)

Sarcophaga uncicurva Pandelle, 1896: 183.

Type locality: FR: Var, Hyeres. Lectotype: S (designated by Peris et al., 1996b: 26); deposited in
MNHN.

Sarcophaga uncicurva: Bottcher, 1912: 348; 1913a: 126, 371; Schembri et al., 1991: 271; Seguy, 1941: 163;
Pape, 2004: 43.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) uncicurva: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 125; Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: 112; Pape, 1996:

335; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 84, 99, 136; Whitmore, 2009: 572, 584.
Ctenodasypygia uncicurva: Enderlein, 1928: 40.
Pierretia (Bercaea) uncicurva: Rohdendorf, 1937: 323.
Bercaea uncicurva: Baranov, 1942: 596.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) uncicurva: Peris et al., 1996b: 26; Verves, 1986: 148.
Heteronychia uncicurva: Povolny, 1992: 169.
Leclercqiomyia uncicurva: Lehrer, 2003: 234.

Distribution: Europe: ES (continental & Balearic Is.), FR (south part & Corsica), IT
(continental, Sardinia & Sicily), MT, FT; North Africa: ES (Canary Is., Melilla), FT (Azores), TN.
Successfully introduced into Southern Australia as agent of biological control of adventive
terrestrial snails Cochlicella acuta and Prietocella harbara (Baker & Charv^at, 2000).

Larvae are parasitoids of terrestrial snails Cernuella virgata, Cochlicella acuta, Eobania
vermiculata, Otala punctata, Prietocella harbara, Theba pisana (Baker 2002; Baker & Charwat,
2000; Coupland, 1994; Coupland & Baker, 1994; Gatt & Ebejer, 2014).

Material examined: MT: Wied Qannotta, 13.07.1978, 1 (J (Schembri) (YVC).

6.3.10. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) villeneuveana (Enderlein, 1928)

Asceloctis villeneuveana Enderlein, 1928: 51.

Type locality: DZ. Lectotype: S (by designation of Fape, 1995: 25); deposited in MNHUB.
Sarcophaga villeneuveana: Seguy, 1941: 167.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) villeneuveana: Feris et al., 1999: 135.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) villeneuveana: Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: 113; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 85,
99, 138.

Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygia) ardua Feris et al., 1996b: 25, unnecessary new name for Pierretia
penicillata sensu Rohdendorf, 1937: 322. Type locality: ES: Valencia, Liria. Lectotype: S
(designated by Feris et al., 1999: 136); deposited in MSNB.

Pierretia (Bercaea) penicillata: Rohdendorf, 1937: 322; misidentification; not Sarcophaga
penicillata Villeneuve, 1907.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) penicillata: Coupland & Baker, 2007: 7.

Bercaea penicillata: Baranov, 1942: 631.

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Heter onychia (Mediterranisca) penicillata: Rohdendorf, 1975: 199.

Distribution: Europe: HR, IT (continental & Sicily), FR (continental), MT, PT, ES
(continental & Balearic Is.); North Africa: DZ, MA, TN.

Larvae are internal parasitoides of snails Cochlicella acuta (Coupland & Baker, 1994) and
Helicella sp. (Peris et al., 1996b). Successfully introduced in Southern Australia as agent of
biological control of adventive terrestrial snail Cochlicella acuta; from releases made over the
period 2000 to 2002, this species has become established (Coupland & Baker, 2007).

6.4. Subgenus Heteronychia s. str.

Erichsonia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 481 (Junior homonym of Erichsonia Wesrwood, 1849, Coleoptera:

Cerambycidae; and Erichsonia Dana, 1849, Crustacea). Type species: Sarcophaga haemorrhoa

Meigen, 1826, by original designation.
Hartigia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 521 (Junior homonym of Hartigia Schi6dte, 1938, Hymenoptera:

Cephidae). Type species: Hartigia concolor Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (= Sarcophaga dissimilis

Meigen, 1826), by original designation.
Dasypygia Enderlein, 1928: 40. Type species: Sarcophaga arvorum sensu Rondani, i860, not Meigen, 1826

(= Pierretia rondaniana Rohdendorf, 1937), by original designation.
Sarcoctenia Enderlein, 1928: 29. Type species: Sarcoctenia siciliana Enderlein, 1928, by monotypy.
Platyperas Enderlein, 1934: 189. Type species: Platyperas quinquestrigata Enderlein, 1934 (= $ of

Heteronychia sp.), by original designation.
Eupierretia Rohdendorf, 1937: 363, as subgenus of Pierretia. Type species: Sarcophaga proxima Rondani,

i860, by original designation.
Spatulapica Fan, 1964: 306, 316. Type species: Sarcophaga haemorrhoa Meigen, 1826, by original

designation.

Pierretia: Enderlein, 1928: 47 (not Pierretia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863). Type species: Sarcophaga

haemorrhoa Meigen, 1826, by original designation.
64 species of this subgenus are distributed in Palaearctic and northern part of Oriental Regions.

6.4.1. Heteronychia (s. str.) abramovi (Rohdendorf, 1938)

Pierretia abramovi Rohdendorf, 1938: 108.

Type locality: RU: Primorye: Sikhote-Alin State Reservation. Holotype: S'l deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia (Spatulapica) abramovi: Artamonov, 1980: 31; Fan, 1964: 314, 318; 1992: 652; Verves, 1979:
862, 867.

Heteronychia abramovi: Artamonov, 1988: 28; Kano et al., 1967: 23; Kano & Kurahashi, 1999: 73; Kano &

Shinonaga, 1965: 248; Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 123.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) abramovi: Pape, 1996: 322.
Spatulapica abramovi: Lehrer, 2009b: 25.

Spatulapica heilongia Lehrer, 2009b: 26, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Asia: Far East: CN (Heilongjiang), JP (Hokkaido); RU (Kurily Is., Primorye,
Sakhalin I.).

Description of S Spatulapica heilongia is based at drawings of S genitalia of H. abramovi
from Fan (1992: 653, fig. 1295). The differences between various original dravwngs of S genitalia of
last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be used as
reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: JP: Hokkaido: Sapporo, 23.06.1942, 1 S (Nishijima); Haruyama Park,
28.06.1960, 1 (S (Kano) (YVC). RU: Sakhahn I.: Dolinsk, 6.09.1977, 1 (S (Kolomyietz) (SZM ).

6.4.2. Heteronychia (s. str.) arnica Peris, Gonzalez-Mora & Mingo, 1998

Heteronychia amica Peris et al., 1998: 171, 173.

Type locality: MA: Tanger. Holotype: deposited in UCME.
Heteronychia amica: Lehrer, 2012c: 21; 2013a: 13.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) amica: Pape et al., 2002: 219.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) tangerensisWhitmove, 2011: 6 (unnecessary new name for i/. amica).
Distribution: North Africa: MA.

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6.4.3. Heteronychia (s. str.) anatolica (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.

Sarcophaga {Heteronychia} anatolica: Whitmore, 2011: 7.

Type locality: TR: Ankara, 25 km S, Beynam Forest, 1450 m a. s. 1. Holotype: deposited in ZMUC.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) anatolica: Kogak, 2014: 349; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 137; Pekbey & Hayat, 2011:
3-

Distribution: Asia: Mid East (TR).

6.4.4. Heteronychia (s. str.) ancilla (Rondani, 1865)

Sarcophaga ancilla Rondani, 1865: 226.

Type locality: IT: Parma. Holotype: 6^; deposited in MZUF.
Sarcophaga ancilla: Seguy, 1941: 74.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) ancilla: Pape, 1988: 6; 1996: 323, partly; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al.,

2011: 28, 89, 90, 100, 127; Whitmore, 2011: 17.
Bercaea ancilla: Enderlein, 1928: 51.
Heteronychia (s. str.) ancilla: Verves, 1986: 151, partly.
Heteronychia ancilla: Lehrer, 2012b: 3; Peris et al., 1998: 175, 176.

Sarcophaga penultima Bottcher, 1913b: 182. Type locality: IT. Holotype: c^; deposited in MZUF.
Heteronychia iubita Lehrer, 1999: 410. Type locality: FR: Provence, Lagnes. Holotype: deposited in TAU.
Heteronychia iubita: Lehrer 20o6d: 14.

Spatulapica lucentina Lehrer & Martinez-Sanchez, 2001: 221, Type locality: ES: Alicante, Sierra Salinas

(Villena), o°53'38" W, 38°38'32" N. Holotype: S; deposited in DCAA.
Spatulapica dentiphalla Lehrer, 2012b: 3; n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Material examined: CH: Valais, 22.05.1962, 1 (S (Beamont) (UNS).

Distribution: Europe: CH, ES, FR (continental), IT (continental).

Description of S Spatulapica dentiphalla is based at drawings of S genitalia of H. ancilla
from Whitmore (2011: 18, figs 45-46). The differences from anothers drawings of (5* genitalia of H.
ancilla (Seguy, 1941: 74-75, figs 74-75; Peris et al., 1998: 176, fig. 10; Richet et al., 2011: 208, pi.
017; etc.) are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be used as
reason for designation of a new species.

6.4.5. Heteronychia (s. str.) ancilloides (Baranov, 1927)

Sarcophaga ancilloides Baranov, 1927: 41.

Type locality: MK: Kisela Voda nr Skopje. Holotype: c?; deposited in USNM.
Sarcophaga ancilloides: Sabrosky & Crosskey, 1970: 430; Seguy, 1941: 74.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) ancilloides: Pape, 1996: 323; Whitmore, 2011: 51.
Asceloctis ancilloides: Baranov, 1942: 633.
Heteronychia (s. str.) ancilloides: Verves, 1986: 151.

Distribution: Europe: MK.

6.4.6. Heteronychia (s. str.) armeniaca (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Heteronychia) armeniaca Rohdendorf, 1937: 355.

Type locality: AM: Delizhan. Holotype: (?; deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia armeniaca: Verves, 1978b: 42.
Heteronychia (s. str.) armeniaca: Verves, 1986: 151.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) armeniaca: Pape, 1996: 323; Whitmore, 2011: 50.
Heteronychia conficta Lehrer, 2013: 5, n. syn. Type locality: not given.
Distribution: Asia: Mid East (TR), Transcaucasia (AM, AZ).

Description of S Spatulapica conficta is based at drawings of (5* genitalia of H. arnica from
Whitmore (2011: 50, pi. 7). The differences from drav^fings of S genitalia of H. arnica (Rohdendorf
1937: 356, figs. 485, 486) are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not
be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: AM: Vedi District, Asni, 5.08.1965, 4 c?, 2 $ (Richter) (ZIN).

6.4.7. Heteronychia (s. str.) belanovskyiVerves, 1973
Heteronychia (s. str.) belanovskyiYerves, 1973: 946.

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Type locality: UA: Zaporizzhya Region: Zhdanov [now: Berdyansk]. Holotype: S', deposited in SIZK.
Heteronychia (s. str.) belanovskyiYerves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 20.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) belanovskyi: Whitmore, 2011: 19.
Spatulapica belanovskyi: Lehrer, 2012b: 6.

Heteronychia povolnyi Mihal5a, 1975: 104. Type locality: HU: Budapest, Csilleberc. Holotype: deposited
in HNHM.

Pierretia (Heteronychia) ancilla (misdidentification: not Sarcophaga ancilla Rondani, 1865: 226):

Rohdendorf, 1937: 355.
Heteronychia ancilla: Rohdendorf, 1970: 669; Verves, 1978b: 42.

Heteronychia (s. str.) ancilla: Povolny, 1996: 106; 1997b: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 164; Verves, 1986: 151.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) ancilla: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 297.
Spatulapica porziana Lehrer, 2012b: 6, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: BG, CZ (Moravia), GR, HU, RO, RS, RU (Voronezh Region), SK, UA.
Asia: Transcaucasia (AZ, GE).

Description of S Spatulapica porziana is based at drawings of (5* genitalia of Sarcophaga
belanovskyi from Whitmore (2011: 18, figs 47-48). The differences between various original
drawings of (5* genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters;
they can not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

6.4.8. Heteronychia (s. str.) benaci (Bottcher, 1913)

Sarcophaga benaci Bottcher, 1913a: 247.

Type locality: IT: Trentino Alto Adige, Rovereto. Lectotype: S (designated by Whitmore 2011, p. 20);
deposited in FNS.

Sarcophaga benaci: Baranov, 1929: 151; Seguy, 1941: 79.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) benaci: Menzel & Ziegler, 2002: 390; Pape, 1996: 335; Richet et al., 2011: 94;

Whitmore, 2011: 20.
Boettcherella benaci: Enderlein, 1928: 49.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) benaci: Rohdendorf, 1937: 352.
Hartigia benaci: Baranov, 1942: 616.

Heteronychia (s. str.) benaci: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 298; Verves, 1986: 151.
Heteronychia (Spatulalica) benaci: Povolny, 1994: 189;
Heteronychia benaci: Lehrer, 2012b: 7; Lehrer & Oprisan, 2013: 23.

Sarcophaga benaci var. tenuiforceps Bottcher, 1913a: 248. Type locality: IT: Trentino Alto Adige: Rovereto.

Lectotype: (designated by Whitmore, 1911: 20); deposited in SMF.
Sarcophaga benaci var. tenuiforceps: Seguy, 1941: 80.

Pierretia (Heteronychia) tenuiforceps: Rohdendorf, 1937: 353; Pape, 1996: 335.
Heteronychia (s. str.) tenuiforceps: Verves, 1986: 154.

Heteronychia (s. str.) vachai Povolny, 1986: 233. Type locality: HR: Dalmatia, Biokovo Mts., Ceresnik.

Holotype: deposited in MMBC.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) vachai: Pape, 1996: 335.
Heteronychia garda Lehrer, 2012b: 7, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Pierretia (Heteronychia) bezziana: Rohdendorf, 1937: 347, 349; misidentification: not Sarcophaga bezziana
Bottcher, 1913.

Heteronychia (s. str.) bezziana: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 298; 1997: 163, 166; Verves, 1986: 151.
Heteronychia bezziana: Pape, 1987: 135; Povolny, 1989: 144; 1994: 188; 1997b: 99;
Sarcophaga bezziana: Schembri et al., 1991: 269.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) bezziana: Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Kara & Pape, 2002: 293; Kogak & Kemal,
2013: 137; Menzel & Ziegler, 2002: 390; Pape, 1996: 323; Ziegler & Lange, 2001: 144.

Distribution: Europe: AL, AD, AT, BG, CH, CZ (Moravia), DE, ES, GR, HR, MT, NO, PL,
RO, RS, SK, SE; Asia: Mid East (TR).

Larvae are the internal parasitoides of terrestrial snails Chondrina sp. and Clausilia sp.
(Povolny & Verves, 1990).

Description of S Heteronychia garda is based at dravdngs of S genitalia of Sarcophaga
benaci from Whitmore (2011: 47, figs 69-71). The differences between various original drawings of
S genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not
be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: DE: Bayern, Dachau, 28.07.1917, 7. & 13.05., 3. 06., 12. & 16.07.1918,
11.05.1920, 3.06.1934, 9 S (Engel); Wiirttemberg, 1872-1876, 1 <S, (Roser). GR: Olympia, 1 S

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(Engel) (SMNS). RS: Golubaz (= Golubac), 21.05.1928, 1 $ (Wainwright) (BMNH). CH: Auvernier,
16.08.1961, 1 ^ (Beamont) (UNS).

6.4.9. Heteronychia (s. str.) bezziana (Bottcher, 1913)

Sarcophaga bezziana Bottcher, 1913a: 242.

Type locality: IT: Abruzzi, L'Aquila prov., Campopericoli. Lectotype: S (designated by Whitmore et
al., 2009: 28); deposited in SMF.

Sarcophaga {Discachaeta) bezziana: Whitmore, 2011: 21; Whitmore et al., 2009: 27.
Shoachaeta bezziana: Lehrer, 2012a: 3.

Shoachaeta cornogranda Lehrer, 2009b: 8. Type locality: IT: Abruzzi, Corno Grande. Type specimen: c^;

based at figs 1-7 after Whitmore et al., 2009: 31.
Shoachaeta cornogranda: Lehrer 2012b: 10.
Distribution: IT (continental).

6.4.10. Heteronychia (s. str.) bulgarica (Enderlein, 1936)

Helicobia bulgarica Enderlein, 1936: 100.

Type locality: BG: Sliven. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1995: 16); deposited in MNHUB.
Heteronychia bulgarica: Pape, 1995: 16; Povolny, 1997: 99; 2002a: 311; Verves, 2003: 44.
Heteronychia (s. str.) bulgarica: Verves, 1998: 52; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 20; 2014b: 21.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) bulgarica: Draber-Moiiko, 2007: 232; Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: 110; Pape, 1996:

324; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 5; Richet et al., 2011: 28, 89, 100, i27;Whitmore,

2009: 573; 2011: 23.

Pierretia (s. str.) boettcheriana Rohdendorf, 1937: 345. Type locality: UA: Poltava Region: Supoevka.

Lectotype: S (designated by Whitmore et al., 2011: 23); deposited in ZIN.
Sarcophaga boettcheriana: Schembri et al., 1991: 271; Seguy, 1941: 81.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) boettcheriana: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113.

Heteronychia boettcheriana: Mihalyi, 1979: 145; Pape, 1987: 139; Rohdendorf, 1970: 668; Verves, 1978b: 41.
Heteronychia (^Spatulapica) boettcheriana: Povolny, 1986: 237; Verves, 1979: 865; 1986: 155.
Heteronychia (s. str.) boettcheriana: Peris et al., 1998: 167; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 168.
Spatulapica boettcheriana: Lehrer, 2012a: 11.

Spatulapica nostalgica Lehrer, 2000a: 36. Type locality: DE: Keiserstuhl. Holotype: deposited in TAU.
Sarcophaga ojfuscata: Bottcher, 1913a: 244; misidentification: not Sarcophaga offuscata Meigen, 1826.
Mulsantia offuscata: Baranov, 1942: 624.

Material examined: GE: Abkhazia: Novy Afon, 19.08.1953, 7 <S (Rohdendorf ) (YVC). DE:
Bayern: Dachau, 29.06.1920, 1 S (Engel) (SMNS). IT: „Triest X08 10/7" 1 S (ZSM). LV:
Jaunberze, 18.06.1994, 1 S, (Spuris) (LU). RU: Stavropol Region: Essentuky City, Valley of
Podkumok River, 11.06.1960, 1 S (Tanasiychuk) (ZIN). SK: Revan luky, 4.06.1957, 1 S
(Slameckova) (YVC). CH: Valais: Branson, 26.07.1961, 1 S (Beamont) (UNS).

Distribution: Europe: AT, BG, BU, CH, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FR (continental & Corsica), HR,
HU, IT (continental, Sardinia & Sicily), LV*, MD, MT, NO, PL, PT, RO, RU (Bashkortostan & Perm
Regions), SK, SE, UA; Asia: Mid East (TR), North Caucasus: RU (Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-
Cherkessia & Stavropol* Regions), Transcaucasia.

Larvae bred from terrestrial snail (Povolny & Verves, 1990).

6.4.11. Heteronychia (s. str.) chaetoneura Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889

Heteronychia chaetoneura Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889: 168.

Type locality: AT: Pitten. Lectotype: S (designated by Blackith et al., 2004: 11); deposited in NMW.
Heteronychia chaetoneura: Seguy, 1941: 81.

Heteronychia (s. str.) chaetoneura: Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 21; 2014b: 21.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) chaetoneura: Blackith et al., 2004: 1; Richet et al., 2011: 28, 95, 101, 128.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BU*, DE, FR (continental), GR (continental)*, HU*, IT
(continental)*, LV*, SK*, UA.

Material examined: BU: Brest Region: Belovezhskaya Pushcha, 14.07.1961, 1 S (Narchuk)
(ZIN). DE: Baden-Wiirttemberg: Benningen, 17.05.1936, 1 S, (Vogel); Feuerbachen Wald,
10.09.1976, 1 S; Schwabische Alb, Lochen, 2.06.1954, 2 S (Lindner); Wiirttemberg, 1872-1876, 4 S
(Roser); Bayern: Allgau Alps, Aggenstein, 18.06.1932, 1 S (Lindner); Mt. Dojsmer, 1679 m a. s. 1.,

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bei Hinterstein, 2.08.1921, 1 Dahau, 3.05.-3.08.1918 & 16.06.1920, 6 S (Engel); Hocheck bei
Obersdorf, 4.09.1966, 1 (S; Lunz, Nd. Donau, 26.07. & 4.08.1940, 2 c?. GR: Volvi See, 5.05.1968, 1 (5"
(Lindner). HU: 1 & 1 $ in copula, Tatarszentgyorgy, 06.1925 (Engel). IT: Prov. Padua: Abano,
09.1957, 1 (S (Lindner) (SMNS). LV: Engure, 20.06.2004, 1 c?; Kuivizi Randu pi., 27.06.2011, 1 $;
Lielpurvs kariers, 20.06.1991, 1 $ (Karpa) (LU). SK: Racibor-Orava, 2.09.1958, 1 S (Slameckova)
(YVC).

6.4.12. Heteronychia (s. str.) chiquita Peris, Gonzalez-Mora & Mingo, 1998

Heteronychia chiquita Peris et al., 1998: 175.

Type locality: ES: Zaragoza, Pina de Ebro. Holotype: deposited in MMS.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) chiquita: Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: 89; Whitmore, 2011: 18, 24.
Heteronychia morenita Peris et al., 1998: 176. Type locality: ES: Sevilla, Moron. Holotype: 6*; deposited in
MMS.

Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) morenita: Pape et al., 2002: 219.
Distribution: Europe: ES.

6.4.13. Heteronychia (s. str.) clarahenae Lehrer, 1999

Heteronychia clarahenae Lehrer, 1999: 412.

Heteronychia clarahenae: Lehrer, 2006c: 17.

Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) clarahenae: Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 5.

Type locality: IL: Sihron Jaakov Jaakov [= Zichron Ya'akov]. Holotype: deposited in TAU.

Distribution: Asia: Mid East (IL, TR), Transcaucasia (AZ).

6.4.14. Heteronychia (s. str.) consanguinea (Rondani, i860)

Sarcophaga consanguinea Rondani, i860: 392.

Type locality: IT: Parma. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1988: 6); deposited in MZUF.
Sarcophaga consanguinea: Hayat et al., 2008: 389; Seguy, 1941: 88.

Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) consanguinea: Kogak, 2014: 349; KoQak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1988: 6;

1996: 325; Richet et al., 2011: 28, 94, 101, 128; Whitmore, 2009: 57; 2009: 572; 2011: 24.
Pierretia {Eupierretia) consanguinea: Rohdendorf 1937: 371.
Ctenodasypygia consanguinea: Baranov, 1942: 595.

Heteronychia consanguinea: Mihaljd, 1979: 151; Povolny, 2003: 19; Rohdendorf, 1970: 670.
Heteronychia {Eupierretia) consanguinea: Verves, 1986: 149.
Heteronychia {s. str.) consanguinea: Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 21.

Sarcophaga schnabli Villeneuve, 1911: 128. Type locality: FR: Corsica, Campo di I'Oro. Lectotype: S

(designated by Pape, 1995: 27); deposited in SMNS.
Sarcophaga schnabli: Bottcher, 1913a: 354; Seguy, 1941: 142.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) schnabli: Pape, 1995: 27; 1996: 333.
Dasypygia schnabli: Enderlein, 1928: 40.
Pierretia (Eupierretia) schnabli: Rohdendorf, 1937: 371.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) schnabli: Verves, 1986: 150.
Heteronychia schnabli: Povolny, 2003: 19.

Sarcophaga rondanii Bottcher, 1913a: 355, 372; unnesecessary new name for Sarcophaga consanguinea

Rondani, i860.
Sarcophaga rondanii: Rohdendorf, 1932: 21.
Dasypygia rondanii: Enderlein, 1928: 40; Baranov, 1942: 598.

Pierretia (Eupierretia) portschinskyana Rohdendorf, 1937: 373. Type locality: UA: Crimea: environs of

Mukholatka. Holotype: S; deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia portschinskyana: Lehrer, 2006c: 17; Povolny & Znojil, 1999: 195; Rohdendorf, 1970: 670;

Verves, 1978b: 42; 1998: 53.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) portschinskyana: Nandi, 2002: 520; Povolny, 1996: 104; Povolny &

Verves, 1990: 296; Verves, 1986: 150.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) portschinskyana: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 114; Pape, 1996: 332.
Heteronychia atanassovi Lehrer, 1977a: 31. Type locality: BG: Mt. Ali Botush. Holotype: deposited in

SOFM.

Heteronychia cullottorum Povolny, 2005: 103. Type locality: IT: Sicily: Pzzo St. Angelo. Holotype: (S;
deposited in MMBC.

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Distribution: Palaearctic: Europe: BG, HR, FR (continental & Corsica), GR (continental &
Rhodos I.), IT (continental, Sardinia & Sicily), RS, UA (Crimea); Asia: Mid East (IL, SY, TR, PS),
North Caucasus: RU (Karachay-Cherkessia, Krasnodar & Stavropol Regions); North Africa: DZ.
Oriental: Pakistan (North-West Frontier).

Larvae are the parasitoids of terrestrial snail Theba pisana (Coupland & Baker 2004).

Material examined: GR: "Eubaea", 1 (Kriiper) (SMNS). IL: Jerusalem, Scopusberg,
29.07.1931, 1 (S (Aharoni). IT: Umbria: Massiccio Sibilhni, 2000 m a. s. 1., 19.07.1918, 1 (S (Quarel)
(BMNH); Alussio: Riviera, 6.09.1960, 2 (J (Lindner); Sicily: Lipari, 05.1921, 2 (S (Neuhaus); [Sicily]
Taormina, 04.1921, 1 c?, 1 $ (Trautman) (SMNS).

6.4.15. Heteronychia (s. str.) curvifemoralis Li, 1980

Heteronychia (Eupierretid) curvifemoralis Li, 1980: 276.

Type locality: CN: Sichuan, Ebian. Holotype: deposited in SMCC.
Heteronychia {Eupierretia) curvifemoralis: Fan, 1992: 655; Verves, 1986: 149; Wei et al., 1988: 311.
Heteronychia curvifemoralis: Fan & Pape, 1996: 249.

Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) curvifemoralis: Pape, 1996: 325; Whitmore, 2011: 26.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) spatulifera Chen & Lu 1981, in Wand et al., 1981: 256, 258. Type locality: CN:

Quinghai, Yushu. Holotype: S; deposited in lEAS.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) spatulifera: Fan, 1992: 655.
Heteronychia spatulifera: Fan & Pape, 1996: 250.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) spatulifera: Pape, 1996: 334.
Spatulapica spatulifera: Lehrer, 2013d: 20.

Spatulapica avesania Lehrer, 2013d: 20, n, syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Palaearctic: Asia: CN (Quinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan); Oriental Region: CN
(Guangxi, Guizhou).

Description of S Spatulapica avesania is based at drawings of S genitalia of H.
curvifemoralis by Whitmore (2010: 58, pi. 29). The differences between various original drawings
of (5* genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can
not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

6.4.16. Heteronychia (s. str.) depressifrons (Zetterstedt, 1845)

(Figs 26-28)

Sarcophaga depressifrons Zetterstedt, 1845: 1293.

Type locality: SE: Skane. Lectotype: (? (designated by Pape, 1986b: 307); deposited in MZLU.
Sarcophaga depressifrons: Pape & Merz, 1998: 400.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) depressifrons: Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: 109; Menzel &

Ziegler, 2002: 390; Pape, 1996: 307; Pohjoismaki & Kahanpaa, 2014: 389; Richet et al., 2011: 28, 88,

100, 128; Whitmore, 2011: 26.
Heteronychia (s. str.) depressifrons: Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 299; 1997: 170; Verves,

1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 21; 2014b: 21.
Heteronychia depressifrons: Fan & Pape, 1996: 249; Kejval, 1998: 63; Khrokalo & Verves, 2009: 117; Lehrer,

20o6d: 14; 2009a: 10; Lehrer, 2012a: 7; Rudzinski & Fliigel, 2007: 64; Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 146;

Zhang at al., 2010: 358.

Pierretia (s. str.) obscurata Rohdendorf, 1937: 346. Type locality: "Dubova" (probably SK). Lectotype: S

(designated by Whitmore, 2011: 27); deposited in ZIN.
Pierretia (s. str.) obscurata: Baranov, 1941: 374.

Heteronychia obscurata: Artamonov, 1980a: 31; Kano et al., 1967: 25; Kano & Kurahashi, 1999: 73; Lehrer,

20o6d: 14; Lopes et al., 1977: 579; Mihalyi, 1979; 145; Rohdendorf, 1970: 667.
Heteronychia (Spatulapica) obscurata: Verves, 1979: 862, 867; 1986: 157.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) obscurata: Pape, 1996: 307.
Spatulapica obscurata: Lehrer, 2009a: 10.

Sarcophaga parva Quo, 1952: 67 (Junior primary homonym of Sarcophaga parva Walker, 1853: 321). Type

locality: CN: "near Shanghai". Holotype: deposited in lEAS.
Heteronychia quoi Fan, 1964: 313, 318 (new name for Sarcophaga parva Quo, 1952).
Heteronychia quoi: Fan, 1992: 652; Feng, 2011: 548; Kano & Kurahashi, 1999: 73.
Heteronychia (Spatulapica) quoi: Verves, 1979: 862, 867.
Spatulapica quoi: Lehrer, 2009a: 12.

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Heteronychia {Spatulapica) ukrainica Verves, 1975: 667. Type locality: UA: Dnipropetrivsk Region:
Kreminne Village. Holotype: (S; deposited in SIZK.

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) ukrainica: Verves, 1979: 862, 867; 1986: 157.

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) petrovae Artamonov, 1980b: 151. Type-locality: RU: Far East, Primorye, 5 km E

from Ussuriysk. Holotype: S; deposited in SZM.
Heteronychia compactilobata Wyatt, 1991: 2. Type locality: Great Britain: England, Dorset, Coombe Keynes

Wood. Holotype: 6"; deposited in BMNH.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) compactilobata: Pape, 1996: 324.

Sarcophaga ojfuscata: Collins, 1926: 60; Schiner, 1862: 572; misidentification: not Sarcophaga offuscata

Meigen, 1826.
Pierretia (s. str.) ojfuscata: Baranov, 1941: 374.
Sarcophaga offuscata forma "ano nigra": Bottcher, 1913a: 244.

Sarcophaga rondaniana: Seguy, 1941: 88; misidentification: wot Pierretia rondaniana Rohdendorf, 1937.
Heteronychia rondaniana: Mihalyi, 1979: 148.

Distribution: Palaearctic: Europe: AL, AT, BE, BG, BU, CH, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR
(continental), GR, HR, HU, IT (continental), MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, RO, RS, RU (Ivanovo,
Leningrad & Perm* Regions), SE, SK, UA, UK (England); Asia: North Caucasus: RU (Karachay-
Cherkessia); West Siberia: RU (Tyumen); Far East: CN (Beijing, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shanghai,
Sichuan), JP (Kyushu), KP, KR, RU (Primorye). Oriental Region: CN (Guangdong, Guizhou,
Guangxi), JP (Ryukyu Is.).

This species reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails (Richet et al. 2011).

Material examined: CN: Changhai, 18.10.1950, 1 S (Quo) (YVC). HU: Palatinus Lake,
06.1925, 1 $ (Engel) (ZSM). IT: Garda See, 11.07.1956, 1 S (Lindner). DE: [Bayern] Allgau,
Osterachtal, 1050 m a. s. 1., 17.06.1924, 1 S (Engel) (SMNS); „Bav. merid.", Tutzing, 26.06.1947, 1
S (ZSM). RU: Perm Region: Kungur, 28.08.1958, 1 S (Borisova) (YVC). CH: Neuchatel:
MontmoUin, 11.08.1962, 1 S (Beamont) (UNS).

6.4.17. Heteronychia (s. str.) dissimilis (Meigen, 1826)

Sarcophaga dissimilis Meigen, 1826: 25.

Type locality: Europe (probably DE). Lectotype: c? (designated by Blackith et al., 2004: 9); deposited
in MNHN.

Sarcophaga dissimilis: Bottcher, 1913a: 250; Blackith et al., 2004: 8; Seguy, 1941: 97.

Sarcophaga [Heteronychia) dissimilis: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113; Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Pape,

1996: 326; 2004: 29; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 95, 101, 129; Whitmore, 2011: 28.
Pierretia dissimilis: Enderlein, 1928: 48.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) dissimilis: Rohdendorf, 1937: 349.
Mulsantia dissimilis: Baranov, 1942: 621.

Heteronychia (s. str.) dissimilis: Mihalyi, 1975: 107; Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Stanek, 1969: 186;
Povolny & Verves, 1990: 298; 1997: 170; Rohdendorf, 1975: 199; Verves, 1986: 152; Verves & Khrokalo,
2014a: 22; 2014b: 21.

Heteronychia dissimilis: Kejval, 1998: 63; Lehrer, 1996a: 99; 2006b: 1; Mihalyi, 1979: 147; Pape, 1987: 139;

Peris et al., 1998: 169; Rohdendorf, 1970: 669; Verves, 1990: 584, 594; Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 147.
Sarcophaga offjiscata Meigen, 1826: 25. Type locality: "Valenier". Lectotype: S (designated by Blackith et

al., 2004: 10); 6" deposited in MNHN.
Myophora arvensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 358. Type-locality: FR: Saint-Sauveur near Paris. Type

material lost.

Myophora obscuripennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 359. Type-locality: FR: Paris. Type material lost.
Myophora nigricans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 360. Type-locality: FR: Saint-Sauveur near Paris. Type
material lost.

Myophora fuscipennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 361. Type-locality: FR: Saint-Sauveur near Paris. Type
material lost.

Myophora grisea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 361 [Junior primary homonym of Myophora grisea Robineau-
Desvoidy, 1830: 353]. Type-locality: FR: Paris. Type material lost.

Myophora nana Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 361. Type-locality: FR: Paris. Type material lost.

Nyctia trifaria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 263. Type-locality: Europe: probably FR. Type material lost.

Phorella despecta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 363. Type-locality: FR: Paris. Type material lost.

Nyctia trifasciata Macquart, 1835: 174. Type-locality: FR: Bordeaux. Holotype: 6*; deposited in MNHN.

Sarcophaga infantula Rondani, i860: 390. Type locality: IT: Parma. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape,
1988: 9); deposited in MZUF.

Sarcophaga infantula: Blackith et al., 2004: 10.

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Erichsonia nigricauda Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 494. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material
lost.

Erichsonia cursoria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 494. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia viatrix Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 495. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia hilaris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 496. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia infuscata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 497. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.

Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 498, Erichsonia [new name for Myophora grisea Robineau-Desvoidy,

1830: 361].

Erichsonia morio Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 499. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. T5^e material lost.
Hartigia sistoria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 522. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigiaftavescens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 522. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia opaca Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 523. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia concolor Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 523. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia claripennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 524 [Junior secondary homonym of Nyctia claripennis

Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 263]. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia villana Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 524. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia myoidea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 525. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia grisella Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 525 [Junior secondary homonym of Erichsonia grisea

Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 498]. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia soda Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 526. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia sordida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 527. Tj^e-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia ti-istis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 527. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia fuscipennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 528 [Junior secondary homonym of Myophora fuscipennis

Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 361]. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia tenella Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 529. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Hartigia lugubris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 529. Type-locality: FR: environs of Paris. Type material lost.
Sarcophaga dissoluta Pandelle, 1896: 201. Lectotype: (? (designated by Pape, 2004: 29): S; RU:

[Kaliningrad Region] Sosnovka (as "Prusse orientale"). Deposited in MNHN.
Sarcophaga dissoluta: Blackith et al. 2004: 11.

Heteronychia dimioniphalla Lehrer, 1996a: 102. Type locality: not given.
Heteronychia dimioniphalla: Lehrer, 2006b: 1.

Heteronychia phallandina Lehrer, 2013a: 9, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: AL, AT, BE, BG, BU, CH,CZ (Bohemia & Moravia), DE, ES, FR
(continental), HR, HU, IT (continental), LT, LV, MD, MK, NL, PL, RO, RS, RU (Arkhangelsk,
Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Moscow, Perm, StPetersbourg and Voronezh Regions), SK, UA, UK; Asia:
Mid East: CY; West Siberia: RU (Tyumen); Far East: RU (Primorye & SakhaUn I.).

Larvae are parasitoids of terrestrial snails Arianta arbustorum, Brachybaena fruticum,
Monachoides incarnata (Verves & Khrokalo 2006); reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails
(Richet et al. 2011).

Description of (5* Heteronychia phallandina is based at drav\dngs of (5* genitalia of
Sarcophaga dissimilis by Blackith at al. (2004: 5, figs 1-4, 9) and Whitmore (2010: 58, pi. 29). The
differences betwreen various original draw^ings of (5* genitalia of last species are very petty and
reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be used as reason for designation of a new
species.

Material examined: AT: Tirol, Namlos, 07.1937, 1 (S (Engel) (SMNS). CZ: South Moravia,
Lanzhot-Soutok floodplain meadows, 14.07.1992, 1 c^, 1 $ (Vanhara) (YVC). ES: Luunja, Kabina,
16.06.1973, 1 (J; Tartu, Aune, 22.06.1980, 1 (S; Vihasoo, 7.07.1980, 1 (S (Elberg) (EIZB). DE: Baden-
Wiirttemberg, 1872-76, 1 S (Roser); Bauern: Allgau, Osterhofen, 1050 m a. s. 1., 17.06.1924, 1
Dahau an durrem Gras, 15.04.1918, 1 (J; Tegernsee, 2.06.1917, 1 (S (Engel) (SMNS). RU: Lipetsk
Region: Elets District, Ryabinky Village, bank of Vorgol River, meadow, 07.1972, 2 (5* (Negrobov);
Perm Region: Kungur, 3.06. & 12.07.1957, 24.VI.1960, 3 (S (Borisova) (YVC).

6.4.18. Heteronychia (s. str.) enderleini (Jacentkovsky, 1937)

Sarcophaga enderleini Jacentkovsky, 1937: 21.

Type locality: BG: Backovo. Holotype: deposited in CNMP.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) enderleini: Pape, 1996: 307; Richet et al., 2011: 93; Whitmore, 2011: 29.
Heteronychia (s. str.) enderleini: Povolny & Stanek, 1969: 184.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) enderleini: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 295.

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Heteronychia {Eupierretia) macedonica Povolny, 1996: 94, Type locality: GR: Paralia: St. Panteleimon.

Holotype: deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia macedonica: Povolny & Znojil, 1999: 195.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) macedonica: Richet et al. 2011: 94.

Material examined: GR: Paralia: St. Panteleimon, 26.08.1993, 1 S (Povolny) (Paratype of
Heteronychia macedonica Povolny, 1996: 94; deposited in lEEU).

Distribution: Europe: BG, GR (continental), IT (continental).

6.4.19. Heteronychia (s. str.) gabrielei (Whitmore, 2009), n. comb.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) gabrieleiWhitmore, 2009: 572, 575.

Type locality: IT: Sardegna: Carbonia-Iglesias Prov.: Iglesias, Conca Margiani. Holotype: S;
deposited in CNBFVR.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) gabrielei: Richet et al., 2011: 92.
Distribution: Europe: IT (Sardinia).

6.4.20. Heteronychia (s. str.) gallica (Whitmore, Richet, Pape & Blackith, 2009).

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) gallica Whitmore et al., 2009: 37.

Type locality: FR: Hautes Alpes: Villaron Has SE St-Crepin (Vallee de la Durance), 44°42'i8 N,
oo6°36'83 E. Holotype: S; deposited in NHRM.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) gallica: Richet et al., 2011: 29, 88, 91, 102, 131.
Heteronychia gallica: Lehrer, 2009d: 9.

Distribution: Europe: FR (continental).

6.4.21. Heteronychia (s. str.) gigas (Povolny, 1986).

Discachaeta gigas Povolny, 1986: 230.

Type locality: HR: Dalmatia, Biokovo Mts., Ceresnik above Makarska. Holotype: S', deposited in

MMBC.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) gigas: Povolny, 1986: 236; 1992: 182; 1996: 103.
Heteronychia gigas: Povolny & Znojil, 1999: 195.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) giganta Pape, 1996: 328, n. syn.; unnecessary new name for H. gigas.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) giganta: Richet et al., 2011: 90; Whitmore, 2011: 34.
Distribution: Europe: HR.

Larvae are parasitoides of terrestrial snail Eobania vermiculata (Povolny, 1992).
Material examined: HR: Dalmatia, Biokovo Mts., Ceresnik above Makarska, 19.06.1985,
"Typus" ([Paratype ?], 1 S (Povolny) (YVC).

6.4.22. Heteronychia (s. str.) haemorrhoa (Meigen, 1826)

Sarcophaga haemorrhoa Meigen, 1826: 29.

Type locality: Europe (probably DE). Lectotype: (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 34): deposited
in MNHN.

Sarcophaga haemorrhoa: Bottcher, 1913a: 240; Pape & Merz, 1998: 400; Patton & Wainwright, 1936: 187;
Seguy, 1941: 104.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) haemorrhoa: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113, 124; Draber-Monko, 2007: 232;

Giroux et al., 2010: 771; Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Pape, 1995: 19; 1996: 328; Kogak, 2014: 349; Kogak

& Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape et al. 2002: 219; Pohjoismaki & Kahanpaa, 2014: 389; Rudzinski, 2000:

199; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 87, 100, 131; Whitmore, 2009: 572; 2011: 34.
Myophora contempta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 343. Type locality: FR: Saint-Sauveur nr Paris. Type

material lost.

Myophora aest04alis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 344. Type locality: FR: Paris. Type material lost.
Myophora riparia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 345. Type locality: FR: Yonne nr Auxerre. Type material lost.

Myophora albicans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 345. Type locality: FR: Paris. Type material lost.
Sarcophaga sanguinolenta Macquart, 1835: 2. Type locality: FR: Bordeaux. Holotype: deposited in
MHNL.

Erichsonia valida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 482. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia pilosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 483. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia campestris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 484. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia chetalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 484. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.

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Erichsonia labialis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 485. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia oralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 485. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Tj^e material lost.
Erichsonia ambulatrix Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 486. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia ardeacea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 486. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia fuliginosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 487. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia musca Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 487. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia rustica Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 488. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia umbripennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 489. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia procax Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 489. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia claripennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 490. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia varinervis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 491. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia arborea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 491. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia inconstans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 491. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia contigua Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 492. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia flavinervis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 493. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Erichsonia anxia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 493. Type locality: FR: nr Paris. Type material lost.
Pierretia haemorrhoa: Baranov, 1941: 373; Enderlein, 1928: 47.
Pierretia (s. str.) haemorrhoa: Rohdendorf, 1937: 341.

Heteronychia haemorrhoa: Blackith & Blackith, 1990: 699; Blackith et al., 1994: 427; Kejval, 1998: 63;
Mihalyi, 1979: 146; Pape, 1987: 136; Rohdendorf, 1970: 688; Rudzinski & Fliigel, 2007: 64; Verves,
1990: 584, 596.

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) haemorrhoa: Verves, 1979: 862, 865; 1986: 155.

Heteronychia (s. str.) haemorrhoa: Peris et al., 1998: 167; Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 299;

1997: 172; 1998: 53; Verves & JQirokalo, 2014a: 22; 2014b: 21.
Sarcophaga sanguinolenta Macquart, 1835: 2. Type locality: FR: Bordeaux. Holotype: S; deposited in

MNHN.

Lioplacella helico4orax Enderlein, 1933: 125. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1995: 19); deposited in
MNHUB.

Heteronychia fugitiva Povolny, 2000a: 24. Type locality: IT: Sicily: Valle de Corvo (Altavilla, Milicia,

Palermo). Holotype: deposited in MMBC.
Lioplacella helicivoris: Baranov, 1942: 635; erroneous subsequent spelling of Lioplacella helicivorax

Enderlein, 1933.

Lioplacella helicivora: Verves, 1986: 192; erroneous subsequent spelling of Lioplacella helicivorax
Enderlein, 1933.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BU, BE, BG, CH, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR (continental & Corsica),
GR, HR, HU, IE, IT (continental, Sardinia & Sicily), LV, MK, NO, PL, RO, RS, RU (Bashkortostan,
Ivanovo, Moscow, Leningrad and Voronezh Regions), SE, SK, UA, UK; Asia: Mid East (TR);
Transcaucasus (AZ); West Siberia: RU (Novosibirsk Region).

Larvae are parasitoids of terrestrial snails Cepaea hortensis (Mik, 1890; Schmitz, 1917), C.
nemoralis (Enderlein, 1933), C. vindobonensis (Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a) and Helix sp.
(Portschinsky, 1884).

Material examined: BG: V Tyrnovo, Emen, 1970, 1 $ (Ganchev) (SOFM). CH: Vaud,
Eckhblens, 18.07.1961, 1 c? (Beamont) (UNS). DE: [Baden-Wiirttemberg] Rotenacker, 9.06.1935, 1
$ (Lindner); [Bayern] Dachay, Himmelreich, 22.06.1919, 1 [Bayern] Dachauer Moos, 19.06., 9. &
24. 07., 14. & 20. 08.1918, 7 (?; [Bayern] Kultur, 18.05., 14-07. & 24. 08.1918; 31.05. & 13.06.1919;
15., 18. & 28.05.1920, 8 <S; [Bayern] Dolster bei Hinterstein, 15. 07.1920, 1 $; [Bayern] "Fiirth
9.17" & "Fiirth IX", 2 (J (Engel); [Bayern] Gmiind am Tegernsee, 31.05.1908, 1 <S, (Streich)
(SMNS); Bremen-Vahr, 8. & 25.07.1982, 2 S (Vedder) (SMB); „Seeflof. iv", 1 S (ZSM). IT: Padua,
Abano, 09.1957, 1 (J (Lindner) (SMNS). SK: Nove Zamky District, Cenkov, 15.06.1957, 1
(J(Slameckova) (YVC).

6.4.23. Heteronychia (s. str.) haemorrhoides (Bottcher, 1913)

Sarcophaga haemorrhoides Bottcher, 1913a: 245.

Type locality: IT. Holotype: deposited in FNS.

Sarcophaga haemorrhoides: Pape &Merz, 1998: 400; Schembri et al., 1991: 270; Seguy, 1941: 108.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) haemorrhoides: Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113, 124;
Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Kogak, 2014: 350; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1996: 329; Pape et al.,
2002: 219; Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 8; Richet et al., 2011: 87; Whitmore et al., 2009: 37; 2011: 37.

Pierretia (s. str.) haemorrhoides: Rohdendorf, 1937: 342.

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Heteronychia haemorrhoides: Mihalyi, 1979: 145 Povolny, 2000: 26; Rohdendorf, 1970: 668; Verves, 1978b:
41; 1990: 584, 596.

Heteronychia (^Spatulapica) haemorrhoides: Povolny, 1992: 183; 1994: 189; 1997b: 99; Verves, 1979: 862,
865; 1986: 157.

Heteronychia (s. str.) haemorrhoides: Peris et al., 1998: 167; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 299; 1997: 172; Verves,

1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 23; 2014b: 21.
Spatulapica haemorrhoides: Lehrer, 2006: 19; 2009: 27.

Heteronychia ivahisi Lehrer, 1976b: 264. Type locality: TR: Hatay (Antakya), Samadad [Samandag].
Holotype: deposited in LZG.
Distribution: Europe: AT, BU, BG, CH, CZ, DE, ES, GR, HR, HU, IT (continental), LV*, MD,
MK, MT, PL, RO, RS, RU (Bashkortostan, Leningrad, Lypetsk, Perm and Voronezh Regions), SK,
UA; Asia: Mid East (IR, IQ*, IL, SY, TR, PS), North Caucasus: RU (Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkesia,
Krasnodar & North Osetia Regions), South Siberia: RU (Altai & Krasnoyarsk Regions),
Transcaucasia.

The larvae are parasitoids of various terrestrial snails: Cantareus asperses, Cepaea
nemoralis, Eobania vermiculata (Bemer, 1973; Povolny, 1992; Povolny & Verves 1990; Verves,
1976).

Material examined: GE: Abkhazia: New Athos, 15.10.1932, 1 (Rohdendorf) (YVC); HU:
Pest County, Tatarszentgyorgy, 06.1925, 2 S (Engel) (SMNS). IQ: Hilla, 29.X.1956, 1 S (Ibrahim);
Qalat, 17.03.1957, 1 S (Yohnis) (ZSM). LV: Salaspils, 6.06.1996, 1 (5*, 1 ?; Taurene, 7.-6.2000, 1 (S;
Ziluzi purva m., 17.06.1991, 1 S (Karpa & Spuris) (LU). RU: Altai Krai: Biysk, 20.08.1971, 1
(ZIN); Altai Republic: border of Chulushman River, 18.07.1970, 1 (Sychevskaya); Buryatia:
Baikal Natural Biosphaeric Reserve, "Chum", 10.08.2000, 1 S (Szpila); Krasnodar Region: Sochi
City, Khosta, 15.07.1955, 3 S (Tamarina); Mari El: shore of Sura River, 16.07.1959, 1 S (Pavlova)
(YVC); Perm Region, Kungur, 31.09.1958, 1 ^ (Borisova) (ZIN).

6.4.24. Heteronychia (s. str.) heptapotamica (Rohdendorf, 1937).

Pierretia (^Heteronychia) heptapotamica Rohdendorf, 1937: 357.

Type locality: KZ: environs of Alma-Ata, Child Colony on Bolshaya Almaatinka River. Holotype: S;

deposited in ZIN.

Heteronychia (s. str.) heptapotamica: Verves, 1986: 157.

Heteronychia heptapotamica: Fan, 1992: 652; Lehrer, 1999: 413; Verves, 1990: 585, 594.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) heptapotamica: Pape, 1996: 329.

Heteronychia (s. str.) kasachstanica Verves, 1975: 665. Type locality: KZ: environs of Alma-Ata. Holotype:
deposited in SIZK.

Heteronychia (s. str.) pogrebennyki Verves, 1977b: 351. Type locality: K)Tgyzstan: Ak-Terek, 15 km SW from

Arslanbob. Holotype: (?; deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia recubophalla Lehrer, 2013b: 4, n. syn. Type locality: not given.
Distribution: Asia: CN (Xinjiang), KZ, Mid Asia.

Description of S Heteronychia recubophalla is based at drawings of genitalia of H.
heptapotamica from Whitmore (2010: 77, pi. 35). The differences between various original
drav^ngs of genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters;
they can not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: KZ: 15 km N of Almaty, Medeo, 1000 m a. s. 1., 23.IX.1986, 5^,1^
(Verves) (YVC). KG: Batken Province: Kara-Tube, 26.07.1962, 1 (S (Ponomarenko); 10 km N of
Laylak, 17.08.1969, 1 <S (Pritykina) (YVC); Dzalalabat Region, Chatkal Ridge, Jangy-Jol, lower
Karasu River, left high bank, 24.09.1950, 1 Arkit valley, Khoja-Ata River, 1400 m a. s. 1., 30.09.
& 4.10.1950, 2 3 (Grunin) (ZIN); Terskey Ala-Too Ridge, 2.08.1962, 1 (S (Vtorov); Chuy Province:
Trans-Ili Alatau, Bogauta Mt., Burgam-sai, 11.06.1962, 1 (Kulikova); Issuk Kul Province: Akulen
Village, 1.07.1953, 1 (S (Panfilov); Ton District, Kadzhi-Say Village, Sogyuty hole, 23.09.1968, 1 (S
(Rasnitzyn) (YVC). TJ: Anzob Pass, 39°4'43"N 68°52'3"E, 3300 m a. s. 1., 22-25.06., 6. &
15.07.1956, 5 S (Grunin); Zeravshan Ridge, Padrud Village, 1600 m a. s. 1., 27.09.1968, 5 S
(Sychevskaya) (ZIN); Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province: Khalay-Khumb, at flowers,
6.07.1958, 1 (S (Luzhkova) (YVC). TM: Kopet Dag, Kojne-Kassur, 25.06.1923, 1 (S (Smirnov)
(ZMUM).

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6.4.25. Heteronychia (s. str.) hystrix (Pandelle, 1896), n. comb.

Sarcophaga hystrix FandeWe, 1896: 180,

Type locality: FR: Hautes-Pyrenees, Tarbes. Lectotype: $ (designated by Pape, 2004: 35); deposited
in MNHN.

Sarcophaga hystrix: Pape, 1996: 329; Seguy, 1941: 111; Verves, 1986: 157;
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) hystrix: Pape, 2004: 35.
Distribution: Europe: FR.

6.4.26. Heteronychia (s. str.) infantilis (Bottcher, 1913), n. comb.

Sarcophaga infantilis Bottcher, 1913b: 181.

Type locality: IT. Holotype: deposited in MZUF.

Sarcophaga {Discachaeta) infantilis: Whitmore et al., 2009: 32.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) infantilis: Kogak, 2014: 349; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Richet et al., 2011: 29,
94, 102, 132.

Pierretia (Heteronychia) ostensackeni Rohdendorf, 1937: 309, 353, as "osten-sackeni" . Type locality: DE:

Heidelberg. Holotype: S; deposited in ZIN.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) bezziana: Rohdendorf, 1937: 347, 349; misidentification: not Sarcophaga hezziana

Bottcher, 1913.

Heteronychia bezziana: Pape, 1987: 135; Rognes, 1986: 12.

Heteronychia (s. str.) bezziana: Povolny & Verves, 1997: 166; Verves, 1986: 151.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) bezziana: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113, 124; Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Kogak,
2014: 349; Kogak & Kemal 2012: 617; Menzel & Ziegler, 2002: 390; Pape, 1988: 17; 1996: 323; Pape &
Merz, 1998: 400; Ziegler & Lange, 2001: 144.
Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) bezziana: Richet et al., 2011: 87.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BG, CH, CZ, DE, FR (continental), GR* (continental), IT
(continental), NO, PL, RS, SE; Asia: Mid East (TR).

The larvae occur as internal parasitoids of the terrestrial gastropods from genera Chondrina
and Clausilia (Povolny & Verves, 1990).

Material examined: GR: Olympia 1 S (Engel) (SMNS). SK: Ruske, 19.06.1962, 1 (^;Sulov-
Hradna, 18.05.1971, 1 S (Cepelak) (YVC).

6.4.27. Heteronychia (s. str.) infixa (Bottcher, 1913)

Sarcophaga infixa Bottcher, 1913a: 124.

Type locality: HU: Gyon. Holotype: S; deposited in FNS.
Sarcophaga infixa: Seguy, 1941: 113.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) infixa: Pape, 1996: 330; Richet et al., 2011: 88, 91; Whitmore et al., 2009: 33.
Pierretia (Pandelleola) infixa: Rohdendorf, 1937: 329.

Heteronychia infixa: Lehrer, 2009d: 9; 2013a: 11; Mihalyi, 1979: 142; Peris et al., 1998: 169.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) infixa: Verves, 1986: 157.

Heteronychia (s. str.) infixa: Povolny & Verves, 1997: 174.

Heteronychia budapestana Lehrer, 2011: 29, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: AT, CZ (Moravia), DE, ES, HU.

Description of cj Heteronychia budapestana is based at drawings of (5* genitalia of H. infixa
from Mihalyi (1979: 141, fig. 84B). The differences betwreen various original drawings of (5* genitalia
of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be used as
reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: HU: Bacs-Kiskun County: Agasegyhaza homokbuckas, on faeces,
9.07.1959, 1 S (Mihalyi) (YVC).

6.4.28. Heteronychia (s. str.)javita Peris, Gonzalez-Mora & Mingo, 1998.

Heteronychia javita Peris, Gonzalez-Mora & Mingo, 1998: 171.

Type locality: ES: Alicante, Javea. Holotype: deposited in MMS.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) javita: Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: 93.
Sarcophaga javita:; Perez-Moreno et al., 2006: 169; Romera et al. 2003: 49.

Distribution: Europe: ES (continental & Balearic Is.).

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6.4.29. Heteronychia (s. str.) kataphygionis Povolny, 1999
Heteronychia kataphygionis Povolny, 1999: 8.

Type locality: GR: Olymp Mt., Kataphygion. Holotype: (?; deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia kataphygionis: Povolny & Znojil, 1999: 195.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) kataphygionis: Richet et al., 2011: 29, 89, 100, 133; Whitmore, 2011: 36.
Shoachaeta kataphygionis: Lehrer, 2012b: 11.

Shoachaeta olimpiana Lehrer, 2012b: 11, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: FR (continental), GR (continental), IT (continental), PL.

Description of S Heteronychia olimpiana is based at drawdngs of S genitalia of H.
kataphygionis from Whitmore (2011: 31, fig. 59). The differences betw^een various original
drawings of (5* genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters;
they can not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: GR: Kataphygion, 26.08.1993, 1 Paratype (Povolny) (YVC).

6.4.30. Heteronychia (s. str.) kertezsi (Villeneuve, 1912)

Sarcophaga /certezsi Villeneuve, 1912a: 20.

Type locality: GR: Poros L Lectotype: S (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 37); deposited in IRSNB.
Sarcophaga kertezsi: Bdttcher, 1913a: 363; Seguy, 1941: 114.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) kertezsi: Pape, 1996: 330; Richet et al., 2011: 93; Whitmore, 2011: 37.

Bellieria kertezsi: Enderlein, 1928: 37.

Helicophagella kertezsi: Enderlein, 1928: 38.

Pierretia (Pandelleola) kertezsi: Rohdendorf, 1937: 329.

Heteronychia (^Pandelleola) kertezsi: Verves, 1986: 154.

Heteronychia kertezsi: Lehrer, 1912b: 14.

Salemea sororia Povolny, 2004: 8. Type locality: IT: Sicily: Pizzo Onofrio-Casina (Trabia), near Palermo.

Holotype: S; deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia dayani Lehrer, 1996b: 267. Type locality: IL: Mt. Hermon. Holotype: c?; deposited in ZMAM.
Spatulapica dayani: Lehrer, 1912b: 15.

Heteronychia stromboliana Lehrer, 2013b: 4, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) kerteszi: KoQak, 2014: 350 (incorrect subsequent spelling of kertezsi).

Distribution: Europe: GR (continental & Corfu, Crete, Poros), IT (Sicily). Asia: Mid East (IL,
Lebanon, TR).

Description of 3 Heteronychia stromboliana is based at drawings of S genitalia of H.
kerteszi from Whitmore (2010: 82, pi. 40). The differences between various original drawings of c?
genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be
used as reason for designation of a new species.

6.4.31. Heteronychia (s. str.) kovalae Verves, 1979

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) kovalae Verves, 1979: 865, 868.

Type locality: KZ: Chimkent Region: Kyzyl Kum, Timur Station. Holotype: deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia (Spatulapica) kovalae: Verves, 1986: 154.
Heteronychia kovalae: Verves, 1990: 584, 594.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) kovalae: Pape, 1996: 330.

Distribution: Asia: KZ.

Holotype of H. kovalae has 4 pairs of postsutural dorsocentral bristles of equal length.

6.4.32. Heteronychia (s. str.) kozlovi (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Eupierretia) kozlovi Rohdendorf, 1937: 382.

Type locality: CN: Tszosto [= Neimenggu]: Ala Shan [= Helan Shan] Ridge, Gobi. Holotype: S',
deposited in ZIN.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) kozlovi: Fan, 1992: 655; Han et al., 1985: 76; Verves, 1986: 149.
Heteronychia kozlovi: Fan & Pape, 1996: 249; Verves, 1990: 596.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) kozlovi: Pape, 1996: 330; Whitmore, 2011: 37.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) helanshanensis Han et al., 1985: 76, Type locality: CN: Ningxia: Helanshan.

Holotype: deposited in IMEC.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) helanshanensis: Fan, 1992: 655.

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Heteronychia helanshanensis: Fan & Pape, 1996: 249.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) helanshanensis: Pape, 1996: 329.
Distribution: Asia: CN (Neimenggu, Ningxia).

Geographical label of this male was published by Rohdendorf (1937: 385) as one of 2 S
based for description, but any derectives about it's taxonomic status are absent; thus we designate
present specimen as paralectotype.

Material examined: CN: [Neimenggu]: Ala Shan [= Helan Shan] Ridge, Suburgan-Gol,
30.04.1898, 1 S, Paralectotype of H. kozlovi (present designation) (lEEU).

6.4.33. Heteronychia (s. str.) lacrymans (Villeneuve, 1912)

Sarcophaga lacrymans Villeneuve, 1912c: 49.

Type locality: SY: Oase Damas. Lectotype: c? (designated by Whitmore 2011: 38); deposited in

IRSNB.

Sarcophaga lacrymans: Bottcher, 1913a: 251; Seguy, 1941: 160.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lacrymans: Koqak, 2014: 350; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1996: 330;

Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 10; Whitmore, 2011: 38.
Pierretia (Eupierretia) lacrymans: Rohdendorf, 1937: 352.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) lacrymans: Verves, 1986: 154.
Heteronychia (s. str.) lacrymans: Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 24.

Sarcophaga thalhammeri Bottcher, 1913: 253. Type locality: HU: Pecz, friiher Kalocsa. Lectotype: S

(designated by Whitmore, 2011: 38); deposited in FNS.
Sarcophaga thalhammeri: Seguy, 1941: 97.

Sarcophaga (.Heteronychia) thalhammeri: Pape, 1996: 335; Richet et al., 2011: 92.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) thalhammeri: Rohdendorf, 1937: 361.
Sarcotachinella thalhammeri: Baranov, 1942: 564.
Heteronychia thalhammeri: Mihalyi, 1979: 148.

Heteronychia (s. str.) thalhammeri: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 299; 1997: 181; Verves, 1986: 154.
Sarcophaga zhelochovtzevi Rohdendorf, 1925: 58. Type locality: RU: Krasnodar Region: Troitzkaya near

Taman. Holotype: deposited in ZMUM.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) zhelochovtzevi: Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Pape, 1996: 336.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) zhelochovtzevi: Rohdendorf, 1937: 360.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) zhelochovtzevi: Povolny & Slameckova, 1970: 331.
Heteronychia zhelochovtzevi: Mihalyi, 1979: 148; Rohdendorf, 1970: 668; Verves, 1978b: 42.
Heteronychia (s. str.) zhelochovtzevi: Verves, 1986: 154; 1998: 52.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) cepelaki Povolny & Slameckova, 1970: 331. Type locality: SK: Cierny Vah.

Holotype: 3; deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia (s. str.) cepelaki: Povolny, 1985: 171; 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 168.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) cepelaki: Pape, 1996: 324.

Heteronychia (s. str.) markevitshi Verves, 1975: 665. Type locality: UA: Kyiv Region: Ustinovka. Holotype:
S; deposited in SIZK.

Heteronychia (s. str.) markevitshi: Verves, 1998: 53.
Heteronychia histriops Lehrer, 2008b: 15. Type locality: RO: Constanta District: Cetatea Istria. Holotype: S;

deposited in MGAB.
Heteronychia suriyyaha Lehrer, 2013a: 6, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BG, CZ, HU, RO, SK, UA; Asia: Mid East (IQ, IL, SY, TR), North
Caucasus: RU (Krasnodar Region), Transcaucasia (GE).

Description of S Heteronychia suriyyana is based at drawings of c? genitalia of H
lacrymans from Whitmore [2010 (as "2011" after Lehrer, 2013a): 90, pi. 42). The differences
between various original drawings of S genitalia of H. lacrymans are very petty and reflected the
individual styles of painters; they can not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: HU: Bicserden, 25.07.1959, 1 ^ (Mihalyi) (HNHM). IQ: Bakkez,
29.09.1956, 1 c? (ZSM).

6.4.34. Heteronychia (s. str.) lejlekensis (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lejlekensis Whitmore, 2011: 8.

Type locality: KG: 30 km NE of Lejlek [=Laylyak]. Holotype: (J; deposited in ZIN.
Distribution: Asia: KZ*, Mid Asia (KG, UZ*).

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Type locality of this species was published by Whitmore (2011) after name "Lejlek" as a
result of incorrect translation of Russian label. Really this location name is "Laylyak" - canyon of
Turkestan Ridge at altitude about 2000 m a. s. 1.

Material examined: KG: Chuy Province: 20 km N of Laylyak, 25.08. & 2.09.1969, 2 c^, 2 $
(Pritykina); Jalal-Abad Province: Kara-Tyube Village, 700 m a. s. 1., 23.07.1962, 1 S
(Ponomarenko); Osh Province: 30 km S-W of Samarkandek Village, bank of Madygen stream, 1300
m a. s. 1., 15.07.1971, 6 S; Sary-Tash Village, Say Sagul locality, 1200 m a. s. 1., 2.-7.09.1971, 3 (5*, 4
$ (Pritykina). KZ: South Region: Aksu-Jabagly State Nature Reserve, 18.07.1927 1 S (Kashkarov).
UZ: Samarkand Region: Aman-Kutan Village, 21.06, 20.08. & 21.09.1938, 13 c?, 2 $ (Fursov)
(YVC+ lEEU).

6.4.35. Heteronychia (s. sfr.) macromembrana Ye, 1980

Heteronychia macromembrana Ye, 1980: 286.

Type locality: CN: Sichuan: Nanping. Holotype: S; deposited in IMEC.
Heteronychia {Eupierretid) macromembrana: Verves, 1986: 149.
Heteronychia macromembrana: Fan, 1992: 654; Fan & Pape, 1996: 249.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) macromembrana: Pape, 1996: 331.

Distribution: Asia: CN (Sichuan).

6.4.36. Heteronychia (s. str.) maritima Povolny, 1995

Heteronychia (Spatulalica) maritima Povolny, 1995: 186.

Type locality: GR: Thessalia: Skotina-Vadi near Leptokaria. Holotype: deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia maritima: Lehrer & Oprisan, 2013: 23; Povolny, 1999: 10; Povolny & Znojil, 1999: 195.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) croca Richet, Blackith & Pape, 2011: 89, unnecessary new name for H.
maritima.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) croca: Whitmore, 2011: 26.

Heteronychia (s. str.) benaci: Povolny, 1996: 105; misidentification, not Sarcophaga benacz Bottcher, 1913.
Distribution: Europe: HR, GR (continental).

Material examined: GR: Thessaha: Skotina, 30.10.1990, 1 <S (Povolny) (YVC).

6.4.37. Heteronychia (s. str.) mazurmovitshi Verves, 1979

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) mazurmovitshi: Verves, 1979: 869.

Type locality: UA: Cherkasy Region: Kaniv State Reservation, 6 km S of Kaniv. Holotype: S;
deposited in ZIN.

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) mazurmovitshi: Verves, 1986: 152.

Heteronychia (s. str.) mazurmovitshi: Verves, 1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 24.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) mazurmovitshi: Whitmore, 2011: 52.
Distribution: Europe: UA.

6.4.38. Heteronychia (s. str.) metopina (Villeneuve, 1908).

Sarcophaga metopma Villeneuve, 1908: 124.

Type locality: ES: Canary Is.: La Palma. Lectotype: c$ (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 40); deposited
in MNHUB.

Sarcophaga metopina: Bottcher, 1913a: 249; Seguy, 1941: 119.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) metopina: Pape, 1996: 331; Pape et al., 1992: 219; Whitmore, 2011: 40.
Dasypygia metopina: Enderlein, 1928: 40.
Bercaea metopina: Enderlein, 1928: 51.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) metopina: Rohdendorf, 1937: 354.
Heteronychia (s. str.) metopina: Verves, 1986: 149.
Heteronychia metopina: Lehrer, 2003: 213, Povolny, 2003: 21.
Distribution: North Africa: ES (Canary Is.).

Material examined: ES: Canary Is.: El Hierro I.: Las Playas, 7.11.1982, 1 (S (Franz) (NMW).

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6.4.39. Heteronychia (s. str.) nanula Povolny, 1999.

Heteronychia rohdendorfi nanula Povolny, 1999: 11.

Type locality: IT: Sicily: Pizzo Cane-Savochetto. Holotype: c?; deposited in MMBC.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) nanula: Whitmore, 2011: 43.

Distribution: Europe: FR (continental), IT (Sicily), MK.

6.4.40. Heteronychia (s. str.) nipponensis Shinonaga & Matsudaira, 1970

Heteronychia nipponensis Shinonaga & Matsudaira, 1970: 87.

Type locality: JP: Honshu: Fukushima Prefecture, Goshiki-numa. Holotype: 6*; deposited in TMDU.
Heteronychia nipponensis: Kano & Kurahashi, 1999: 73; Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 147.
Heteronychia {Eupierretia) nipponensis: Verves, 1986: 149.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) nipponensis: Pape, 1996: 331.
Distribution: Asia: JP (Honshu, Kyushu).

6.4.41. Heteronychia (s. str.) obvia Povolny, 2004.

Heteronychia obvia Povolny, 2004: 11.

Type locality: IT: Sicily: Pizzo Onofrio-Casina (Tribia), near Palermo. Holotype: deposited in

MMBC.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) obvia: Richet et al., 2011: 92.
Distribution: Europe: IT (Sicily).

6.4.42. Heteronychia (s. str.) pandellei (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Eupierretia) pandellei Rohdendorf, 1937: 376; new name for Sarcophaga consanguinea Pandelle,
1896: 187.

Type locality: FR: Var, Hyeres. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape 2004: 46); deposited in MNHN.
Sarcophaga pandellei: Pape, 2004: 46; Seguy, 1941: 128.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pandellei: Carles-Tolra & Rosado, 2009: 343; Pape, 1996: 331; Pape et al. 2002:

219; Richet et al., 2011, pp. 29, 91, 101, i33;Whitmore, 2009: 572, 581.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) pandellei: Povolny & Verves, 1986: 119; Rohdendorf, 1975: 199; Verves, 1986:

149.

Heteronychia pandellei: Peris et al., 1998: 171; Povolny, 1997a: 52; 2003: 22.
Sarcophaga consanguinea Pandelle, 1896: 187. Type locality: FR: Var: Cavaliere. Holotype: deposited in

MNHN; junior primary homonym of Sarcophaga consanguinea Rondani, i860.
Sarcophaga consanguinea: Bottcher, 1913a: 358, 372.
Ctenodasypygia consanguinea: Baranov, 1942: 595; Enderlein, 1928: 40.
Heteronychia consanguinea: Lehrer, 2003: 211.

Heteronychia vonrohdendorfi Lehrer, 2013b: 4, 12, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: AD, ES, FR (continental & Corsica), HR, IT (continental, Sardinia 8c
Sicily), PL, PT; North Africa: DZ, TN.

This species reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails (Richet et al., 2011).

Description of Heteronychia vonrohdendorfi is based at drawings of ^ genitalia of S.
pandellei from Whitmore (2011: 96, pi. 54). The differences betv^^een various original drav^ngs of <S
genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be
used as reason for designation of a new^ species.

Material examined: ES: Costa Brava, Estartit, 26.08.-9.09.1962, 1 S (Roseler) (YVC). IT:
Sicily: Agrigento, 27.05.1956, 1 <S (Lindner) (SMNS).

6.4.43. Heteronychia (s. str.) pauciseta (Pandelle, 1896)

Sarcophaga paucisetaVandeWe, 1896: 182.

Type locality: "Prusse orientale": Konigsberg [= RU: Kaliningrad]. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape,
2004: 38); deposited in MNHN.

Sarcophaga pauciseta: Bottcher, 1913a: 359; Pape, 2004: 38; Seguy, 1941: 129.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pauciseta: Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Pape, 1996: 332; Richet at al., 2011: 92.

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Pierretia (Eupierretia) pauciseta: Rohdendorf, 1937: 378.

Heteronychia pauciseta: Lehrer, 2013d: 26; Mihal)^, 1979: 150; Povolny, 2002a: 307; Rohdendorf, 1970:
669; Verves, 1990: 596.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) pauciseta: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 295; Verves, 1986: 149; Verves & Khrokalo,
2006: 147.

Heteronychia (s. str.) pauciseta: Povolny & Verves, 1997: 175; Verves, 1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a:
24.

Sarcophaga rossica Rohdendorf, 1925: 54. Type locality: RU: Moscow Region: Bronnitzy District, Ilyinskaya.

Holotype: deposited in ZMUM.
Heteronychia haesita Lehrer, 2013d: 26, n, syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: AT*, BG, CZ , ES, DE, PL, RU (Bashkortostan*, Kaliningrad,
Leningrad, Moscow & Perm* Regions), SK, CH, UA; Asia: Siberia: RU (Altai, Buryatia* & Irkutsk
Regions).

Description of S Heteronychia haesita is based at drawrings of (5* genitalia of S. pauciseta
from Whitmore (2010: 228, pi. 55). The differences betw^een various original dravdngs of (5*
genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they do not be
used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: AT: Moghng, Umgb. A. i., X 20501, 1 (5*; Pernitz, 1 S (Franz) (NMW). RU:
Altai Repubhc: Bicheka, 12.07.1960, 1 (S (Rasnytzyn); Bashkortostan: Ufa, 31.05.1948, 1 c5'
(Nasyrova) (YVC); Buryatia: Khamar-Daban Ridge, Berchil, 7-9.08.1962, 2 (Kolomyietz) (SZM);
Perm Region: Kungur, 12.07.1957, 3 S (Borisova) (YVC).

6.4.44. Heteronychia (s. str.) plotnikovi (Rohdendorf, 1925)

Sarcophaga plotnikovi Rohdendorf, 1925: 53.

Type locality: UZ: Tashkent Region: Ak-Tash. Holotype: S; deposited in ZMUM.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) plotnikovi: Pape, 1996: 332; Whitmore, 2011: 44; Whitmore et al., 2009: 37.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) plotnikovi: Rohdendorf, 1937: 377.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) plotnikovi: Fan, 1992: 655; Verves, 1984: 557; 1986: 149.
Heteronychia plotnikovi: Verves, 1990: 585, 596.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) brachystylata Chao & Zhang, 1988: 78, 80. Type-locality: CN: Xinjiang,

Baicheng, 4i°50'N, 8i°50'E. Holotype: deposited in IZCA.
Heteronychia brachystylata: Fan & Pape, 1996: 249.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) brachystylata: Pape, 1996: 324.
Heteronychia turbophalla Lehrer, 2013b: 4, n. syn. Type locality: not given.
Distribution: Asia: CN (Xinjiang), KZ, Mid Asia (KG, TJ, UZ).

Description of Heteronychia turbophalla is based at photo of S genitalia of S. plotnikovi
from Whitmore (2010: 231, pi. 58). The differences between various original drawings and photoes
of (5* genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of authors and
intraspecific variability; they do not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: KZ: Almaty Province: Jarkent Region, Usek Dacha, 1.08.1925, 1 $
(Rohdendorf); East Province: Zaisan Basin, bank of Karasu River, 20.06.1965, 4 S (Ponomarenko);
Saur Mountain Ridge, bank of Karaungir River, 12.07.1965 & 26.06.1967, 2 c^, 2 $ (Pritykina);
Saykhan Hole, 25.06.-9.07.1965, 6 $ (Popov) (YVC+IEEU). KG: Batken Province: Kichik-Alai
Ridge, Isfairam-Sai Basin, 45 km S of Kyzyl-Kiya, N 39°08.7' E 72°06.4', 2000-2200 m a. s. 1., 2.
& 10.07.1999, 2 ( Komeev &. Kameneva) (SIZK); Chuy Province: 30 kmN-E of Laylyak, 1. &
16.07.1962, 3 S;, 20 km N of Laylyak, 6.06.1964, 9. & 24.09.1968 & 14.08.-3.09.1969, 7 cT, 11 $
(Ponomarenko) (YVC+IEEU); Trans-Ili Alatau: Bogauta Mt., Burgam-sai, 11.06.1962, 1
(Kulikova); Kara-Kosak, 22.06.1955, 1 S (Baidenov); Dzalalabat Province: Chatkal Ridge, Jangy-
Jol, lower Karasu River, left high bank, 24.09.1950, 1 Fergana Ridge, 10 km from Karavan to
Dzalalabat, 2.10.1950, 1 S (Grunin) (ZIN); Osh Province: 30 km S-W of Samarkandek Village,
bank of Madygen stream, 1300 m a. s. 1., 15.07.1971, 6 6^, 7 $; Sary-Tash Village, Say Sagul
locality, 1200 m a. s. 1., 12.08.-9.09.1971, 2 c?, 3 ? (Pritykina) (YVC+IEEU). TJ: Gissar Range,
Kondara Canyon, 12.05.1957, feed on flowers of Prangos pabularia, 1 S (Sychevskaya); Zimtut nr
Panjakent City, garden, 14.09.1962, 1 9 (Gadzhey). UZ: Fergana Province: Shakhimardan, 2000 m
a. s. 1., 10.10.1955, 2 <S (Sychevskaya) (ZIN); Jalal-Abad Province: Chatkal Range, 31.08.1980, 2

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S (Elberg) (EIZB); Ramid, bank of Kofimihan River, 25.07.1939, 1 ^ (Romanov) (ZIN).
Qashqadaryo Province: Khitay, 15.08.1954, 1 (S; Miraki, 14.08.1954, 1 S (Sychevskaya) (YVC).

6.4.45. Heteronychia (s. str.) pontica (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Heteronychia) pontica Rohdendorf, 1937: 358.

Type locality: RU: Krasnodar Region: Beta. Holotype: S; deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia pontica: Verves, 1978b: 42.

Heteronychia (s. str.) pontica: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 298; Verves, 1986: 152.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pontica: Pape, 1996: 332; Richet et al., 2011: 92.
Heteronychia simulopontica Lehrer, 2013b: 4, 7, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Europe: BG. Asia: North Caucasus: RU (Chechnya, Dagestan, Karachay-
Cherkessia, Krasnodar & Stavropol Regions), Transcaucasia.

Description of (5* Heteronychia simulopontica is based at photo of S genitalia of S. pontica
from Whitmore (2010: 102, pi. 59). The differences between various original drawings and photoes
of (5* genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of authors and
intraspecific variability; they do not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: AZ: Talysh: Lerik, 13.06.1970, 3 (Richter) (ZIN). GE: Akhalkalaki
District: Tzkheti, forest, 1.07.1965, 3 (Gudjabidze) (GZI).

6.4.46. Heteronychia (s. str.) porrecta (Bottcher, 1913)

Sarcophaga porrecta Bottcher, 1913a: 361.

Type locality: IT: Trentino-Alto Adige: Mori. Lectotype: S (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 45);
deposited in FNS.

Sarcophaga porrecta: Seguy, 1941: 132.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) porrecta: Pape, 1996: 332; Richet et al., 2011: 93; Whitmore, 2010: 105, 233;
2011: 45-

Pierretia (Eupierretia) porrecta: Baranov, 1941: 375; Rohdendorf, 1937: 381.
BelUeria porrecta: Baranov, 1942: 586.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) porrecta: Povolny & Slameckova, 1979: 115; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 295;

Verves, 1986: 152.
Heteronychia (s. str.) porrecta: Povolny & Verves, 1997: 176.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) bulgariensis Lehrer, 1977a: 29, Type locality: BG: Kostenec. Holotype:

deposited in SOFM.
Heteronychia verorecta Lehrer, 2013b: 4, n. syn.

Distribution: Europe: BG, CZ (Moravia), GR (continental), HR, IT (continental), SK.

Description of S Heteronychia verorecta is based at photos of S genitalia of S. plotnikovi
from Whitmore (2010: 231, pi. 58). The differences between various original drawings and photoes
of S genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters and
intraspecific variability; they do not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: HR: Zagreb, 20.V.1931, 4 c^, 1 ? (Engel) (SMNS).

6.4.47. Heteronychia (s. str.) proxima (Rondani, i860) (figs 23-25)

Sarcophaga proxima Rondani, i860: 392.

Type locality: IT: "In Italia boreali perrara (Messino)". Holotype: deposited in MZUF.
Sarcophaga proxima: Bottcher, 1913a: 351; Pape, 1988: 13; Seguy, 1941: 135.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) proxima: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 114; Draber-Mohko, 2007: 232; Pape, 1996:
333; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Pohjoismaki & Kahanpaa, 2014: 389; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 91, 100, 134;
Whitmore, 2011: 44.

BelUeria proxima: Baranov, 1942: 587; Enderlein, 1928: 37.

Pierretia (Heteronychia) proxima: Rohdendorf, 1937: 364.

Pierretia proxima: Povolny & Groschaft, 1959: 131.

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) proxima: Fan, 1964: 315, 319.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) proxima: Rohdendorf, 1965: 693; Povolny & Verves, 1986: 115; 1990: 296;
Verves, 1986: 152;

Heteronychia proxima: Fan & Pape, 1996: 249; Lehrer, 2012b: 16; Mihalyi, 1979: 151; Pape, 1987: 141, 144;
Rohdendorf, 1970: 669; Rudzinski & Fliigel, 2007: 64; Verves, 1990: 585, 597.

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Heteronychia (s. str.) proxima: Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 177; Verves, 1998: 53; Verves

& Khrokalo, 2014a: 24; 2014b: 22.
Heteronychia (Eupierretid) lednicensis Povolny 1986, In: Povolny & Verves, 1986: 115. Type locality: CZ:

Moravia: Nejdek nr Lednice. Holotype: 3; deposited in MMBC.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lednicensis: Pape, 1996: 330.
Heteronychia (s. str.) lednicensis: Povolny & Verves, 1997: 175.
Heteronychia lednicensis: Lehrer, 2012b: 16.

Distribution: Europe: AL, AD, AT, BG, BU, CH, CZ, DE, ES, FI, FR (continental), HR, HU,
IT (continental & Sicily), LV, MD, PL, RO, RS, RU, SE, SK, UA. Asia: North Caucasus: RU
(Kabardino-Balkaria); West Siberia: RU (Altai & Novosibirsk Regions); Tibet. North Africa: LY.

Larvae are internal parasitoids of terrestrial snail Eumphalia strigella (Coupland & Baker,
2004; Povolny & Groschaft, 1959), and caterpillar of geometrid moth Agriopis aurantaria
(Povolny & Verves 1997).

Material examined: IT: S Tirol 1 S (Fischer) (SMNS). RU: Perm Region, Kungur, 5.08.1955,
9, 27 & 28.VI., 12 & 17.07.1957, 28.08.1958, 14 1 $ (Zinovyeva) (ZIN). SK: Sul'ov-Hradna,
18.08.1971, 1 <S (Bucek) (YVC).

6.4.48. Heteronychia (s. str.) pseudobenaci (Baranov, 1942)

Mehria pseudobenaci Baranov, 1942: 618, 658.

Type locality: RS: Golubac. Lectotype: 3 (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 46); deposited in USNM.
Mehria pseudobenaci: Sabrosky & Crosskey, 1970: 430.
Heteronychia pseudobenaci: Lehrer, 2012b: 8; Verves, 1986: 157.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pseudobenaci: Pape, 1996: 336; Whitmore, 2011: 46.

Heteronychia (s. str.) drenskiana Lehrer, 1977a: 34. Type locality: BG: Vitosa Pi. Holotype: 6*; deposited in
SOFM.

Heteronychia drenskiana: Lehrer, 2012b: 8; Lehrer & Oprisan, 2012: 28.
Distribution: Europe: BG, GR (continental), RO, RS.

6.4.49. Heteronychia (s. str.) recta (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Eupierretia) recta Rohdendorf, 1937: 379.

Type locality: GE: Abkhazia: Sukhum. Holotype: (J; deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia (s. str.) recta: Verves, 1978b: 42.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) recta: Verves, 1986: 152.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) recta: Pape, 1996: 333; Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 11.

Distribution: Asia: Mid East (TR), North Caucasus: RU (Karachay-Cherkessia & Krasnodar
Regions), Transcaucasia.

Material examined: AM: environs of Ankavan, 14.07.1965, 12 c^, 3 $ (Richter) (ZIN);
Kotigekh, 10.06.1974, 1 S. AZ: Lachin District: Gorchu, 1800 v a. s. 1., 22.06.1974, 1 (5", 1 $,
(Ponomarenko). GE: Abkhazia: Pitzunda, 2 km E, beech (Fagus orientalis) forest, 200-300 m a. s.
1., 1-8.08.1970, 3 ^ (Verves). RU: Krasnodar Region: Khosta, 15.05.1955, 1 ^ (Rohdendorf) (YVC &
lEEU).

6.4.50. Heteronychia (s. str.) rohdendorfi (Povolny & Slameckova, 1959)

Pierretia rohdendorfi Povolny & Slameckova, 1959: 427.

Type locality: SK: Velky Inovec. Holotype: S; deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia (Spatulapica) rohdendorfi: Povolny, 1985: 169; Povolny & Slameckova, 1967: 316; Verves,

1979: 865, 868; 1986: 157-
Heteronychia rohdendorfi: Mihalyi, 1979: 145; Povolny, 1998b: 9; 1999: 10; 2000b: 63.
Heteronychia (s. str.) rohdendorfi: Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 177; Verves, 1998: 53; Verves

& Khrokalo, 2014a: 25.
Spatulapica rohdendorfi: Lehrer, 2006e: 5; 2012a: 5; 2013d: 20.

Spatulapica lederbergi Lehrer, 1995b: 90. Type locality: CZ: Moravia: Pavlovske Mts. Holotype: 6*; deposited
in MMBC.

Spatulapica lederbergi: Lehrer, 2012a: 5; 2013d: 20.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lederbergi: Draber-Mohko, 2007: 232; Pape, 1996: 330; Whitmore, 2011: 39.

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Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) borodorfi Pape, 1996: 58, 324; unnecessary new name for Heteronychia

rohdendorfi Povolny & Slameckova, 1959.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) borodorfi Richet et al., 2011: 28, 88 99, 127.
Sarcophaga borodorfi: Pape & Merz, 1998: 400.

Distribution: Europe: AT, CH, CZ (Moravia), DE, FR (continental), GR (continental), HU,
IT (continental & Sicily), PL, RO, SK, UA.

Material examined: CH: Auvernier, 13.08.1961, 1 Vaud, Aclens, 29.07.1961, 1 S
(Beamont) (UNS).

6.4.51. Heteronychia (s. str.) rohdendorfiana Mihalyi, 1975

Heteronychia (s. str.) rohdendorfiana Mihalja, 1975: 106.

Type locality: HU: Biikk-hg, Elza-lak, Nagyvisnyo. Holotype: (? deposited in HNHM.
Heteronychia rohdendorfiana: Lehrer, 2006b: 5; Mihalyi, 1979: 146.

Heteronychia (s. str.) rohdendorfiana: Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 178; Verves, 1986: 154;

1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 25.
Sarcophaga rohdendorfiana: Pape & Merz, 1998: 400.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) rohdendorfiana: Blackith et al., 2004: 11.

Pierretia (Heteronychia) nigracauda Povolny & Slameckova 1959: 431 (Junior secondary homonym of
Erichsonia nigricauda Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 494). Type locality: SK: Velky Inovec. Holotype:
deposited in MMBC.

Heteronychia (s. str.) nigricauda: Povolny & Slameckova, 1979: 117; Povolny & Stanek, 1969: 186.
Heteronychia (s. str.) nigracaudata Povolny & Slameckova, 1982. In: Povolny, 1982: 1; new name for
Pierretia nigricauda Povolny & Slameckova, 1959.
Heteronychia nigracaudata: Rudzinski & Fliigel, 2007: 64.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) nigracaudata: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 113; Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Pape,
1996: 331-

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) chaetoneura: Blackith et al., 2004: 4 (in part).

Heteronychia nadae Lehrer, 2006b: 6; unnecessary new name for Sarcophaga chaetoneura sensu
Blackith et al., 2004 (in part); n. syn.
Distribution: Europe: AT, BG, CH, CZ, DE, HU, PL, SK, UA.

Description of Heteronychia nadae is based at drawings of genitalia of H. chaetoneura
sensu Blackith et al. (2004: 5, figs 5 & 10). The differences betw^een various original drawrings of (5*
genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not be
used as reason for designation of a new species.

The larvae are the parasites of terrestrial snedlsArianta arbustorum, Bradybaenafruticum
and Monachoides incarnata (Coupland & Baker, 2004; Povolny, 1982).

Material examined: AT: Mogling Umgb. X 2050, 1 $ (Franz) (NMW). DE: Baden-
Wiirttemberg: Ummendorfer Ried bei Biberach, 13.06.1948, 1 S (Lindner); [Bayern] Allgau,
Osterachtai, 1050 m, 17.06.1924, 2 S; Dachau, Kultur, 23.06.1912, 1 S (Engel) (SMNS). SK:
Prieslop, 9.08.1973, 1 S, (Slameckova); Velky Inovec, 20.06.1957, 1 S (Gyglai) (YVC).

6.4.52. Heteronychia (s. str.) rondaniana (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Heteronychia) rondaniana Rohdendorf, 1937: 361; new name for Sarcophaga arvorum sensu
Rondani, i860: 381.

Type locality: IT: Parma. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1988: 17); deposited in MZUF.
Pierretia (Heteronychia) rondaniana: Baranov, 1941: 375.
Pierretia rondaniana: Pape, 1988: 17.

Heteronychia (s. str.) rondaniana: Peris et al., 1998: 169, 170; Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1990:

298; 1997: 179-
Heteronychia rondaniana: Lehrer, 20o6d: 14.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) rondaniana: Hayat et al., 2008: 389; Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Kogak, 2014:
350; KoQak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1996: 333; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 92,
102, 134.

Heteronychia histriops Lehrer, 2008a: 15. Type locality: RO: Cetatea Istria (distr. Constanta). Holotype: (?;
deposited in MGAB.

^ The abbreviation "borodorf is disrespect of memory of late Prof. Boris von Rohdendorf (1904-1977), author of
modem system of Sarcophagidae; such actions are not recommended by ICZN (Supplementum A: Ethical Codex).

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Sarcophaga arvorum: Bottcher, 1913a: 252; Pandelle, 1896: 204; Rondani, i860: 381, misidentification: not

Sarcophaga arvorum Meigen, 1826.
Dasypygia arvorum: Enderlein, 1928: 37.

Athyrsia depressifrons: Enderlein, 1928: 37, misidentification: not Sarcophaga depressifrons Zetterstedt,
1845.

Sarcophaga depressifrons: Seguy, 1941: 96.

Heteronychia depressifrons: Lehrer, 1967: i; 2006d: 14; 2009a: lo.Mihalyi, 1979: 148.
Heteronychia (s. str.) depressifrons: Verves, 1986: 152.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BG, CH, CZ, DE, ES, FR (continental), GR (continental), HR, HU,
IT (continental), MK, NL, RO, RS, SK; Asia: Mid East (TR).

Material examined: HU: Alsoessopuszta bei Orkeny, 06.1925, 3 Tatarszentgyorgy,
06.1925, 3 (Engel) (SMNS); Bicserd, 25.07.1959, 1 ^ (Mihalyi); Budaors, 24.08.1958, 1 ^ (Szocz).
SK: Kolarovo, 25.08.1958, 1 <S (Slameckova) (YVC).

6.4.53. Heteronychia (s. str.) rosellensis (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) rosellensis Whitmore, 2011: 12,

Type locality: IT: Abruzzi, Chieti Prov., Abetina di Rosello, Fonte Volpona. Holotype: S; deposited in
CNBFVR.

Sarcophaga rosellensis: Lehrer, 2012c: 24; as a synonym of Sarcophaga vagans Meigen, 1826: 26.
Distribution: Europe: IT (continental).

6.4.54. Heteronychia (s. str.) schineri (Bezzi, 1891)

Sarcophaga schineri Bezzi, 1891: 67.

Type locality: IT: Pavia. Holotype: S; deposited in MRSNT.
Sarcophaga schineri: Bottcher, 1913a: 356; Pape & Merz, 1998: 400; Seguy, 1941: 141.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) schineri: Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Kogak, 2014:
350; KoQak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 12; Pape, 1996: 333; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 94, 101,
135-

Bellieria schineri: Enderlein, 1928: 37.

Pierretia (Eupierretia) schineri: Baranov, 1941: 375; Rohdendorf, 1937: 375.
Sarcotachinella schineri: Baranov, 1942: 566.

Heteronychia schineri: Kejval, 1998: 63; Lehrer, 2009e: 26; Mihalyi, 1979: 151; Rohdendorf, 1970: 670;

Verves, 1978b: 42.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) schineri: Verves, 1986: 154.

Heteronychia (s. str.) schineri: Povolny, 1997: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 297; 1997: 179; Verves, 1998: 53;
Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 25.

Sarcophaga erythrura: Bezzi, 1907: 480; misidentification: not Sarcophaga erythrura Meigen, 1826.

Distribution: Europe: AD, AT, BG, CH, CZ, DE, FR (continental), GR (continental), HR,
HU, IT (continental & Sicily), MK, PL, RO, RS, SK, UA; Asia: Mid East (TR), Transcaucasia (AZ,
GE).

This species reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails (Richet et al., 2011).

Material examined: AT: Umg. Modhng, Garten, 06.1997, 2 (S (Franz) (NMW). BG: Vitinya,
1968, i(S,3 9 (Ganchev) (SOFM). DE [Bayern]: Bamberg, 1 (Schmid); Dahau, a. Prunus Pad.,
11.05. & 25.06. [I9]i8; 2. & 16. 06. [19]20; 17. 05. [i9]2i; 9. 08. [i9]22, 6 S (Engel) (SMNS). SK:
Vtacnik, 26.06.1957, 1 S (Slameckova) (YVC).

6.4.55. Heteronychia (s. str.) shnitnikovi (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Eupierretia) shnitnikovi Rohdendorf, 1937: 365.

Type locality: KZ: environs of Almaty, near Bolshaya Almaatinka River. Holotype: deposited in

ZIN.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) shnitnikovi: Fan, 1992: 655; Verves, 1986: 150.
Heteronychia shnitnikovi: Fan & Pape, 1996: 250; Verves, 1990: 597.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) shnitnikovi: Pape, 1996: 333; Whitmore, 2011: 48.

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) peckae Verves, 1977a: 267. Type locality: KG: Tien Shan, valley of River Sary-

Djaz, shore of River Inylchek. Holotype: S', deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) peckae: Verves, 1986: 154.
Heteronychia peckae: Verves, 1990: 585, 596.

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Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) peckae: Pape, 1996: 332.

Heteronychia {Eupierretid) tenupenialis Chao & Zhang, 1988: 77. Type locality: Xinjiang: Zhaosu. Holotype:

S; deposited in IZCA.
Heteronychia tenupenialis: Fan & Pape, 1996: 250.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) tenupenialis: Pape, 1996: 335.
Heteronychia kyrgyziana Lehrer, 2013a: 7, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Distribution: Asia: CN (Xinjiang), KZ, Mid Asia (KG, TJ, TM*, UZ).

Description of S Heteronychia kyrgyziana is based at photos of S genitalia of H.
shnitnikovi from Whitmore (2011: 47, figs 74-75). The differences of various original drawfings
from photos of S genitalia of last species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of
painters; they can not be used as reason for designation of a new species.

Material examined: KG: Issyk Kul Province: Cholpon-Ata, 30.07.1966, 1 (5* (Sychevskaya)
(ZMUM). TM: Mary Province: Kara-Tyube, 26.07.1962, 1 S (Ponomarenko) (YVC).

6.4.56. Heteronychia (s. str.) siciliana (Enderlein, 1928)

Sarcoctenia siciliana Enderlein, 1928: 30.

Type locality: IT: Sicily: Palermo. Holotype: (5*; deposited in MNHUB.
Sarcoctenia siciliana: Verves, 1986: 191.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) siciliana: Pape, 1995: 24, 26; 1996: 334; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet

et al., 2011: 29, 93, 101, 135.
Sarcophaga siciliana: Miralbes, 2002: 1.

Heteronychia siciliana: Povolny, 1997a: 52; 1999: 24; 2000a: 24; 2003: 22, 25. Povolny & Znojil,
1999: 195-

Distribution: Europe: ES (continental), FR (continental), IT (continental & Sicily).
This species reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails (Richet et al., 2011).

6.4.57. Heteronychia (s. str.) slovaca Povolny & Slameckova, 1967

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) slovaca Povolny & Slameckova, 1967: 314.

Type locality: SK: Levocska dolina. Holotype: deposited in MMBC.

Heteronychia (Spatulapica) slovaca: Povolny, 1997b: 99; Verves, 1979: 865, 867; 1986: 53.

Heteronychia {Eupierretid) slovaca: Povolny, 1985: 169.

Heteronychia (s. str.) slovaca: Povolny & Verves, 1997: 180; Verves, 1998: 154; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a:
25-

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) slovaca: Pape, 1996: 334; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 88, 100, 136.
Spatulapica slovaca: Lehrer, 2012a: 6.

Distribution: Europe: CZ , FR (continental), SK, UA.

6.4.58. Heteronychia (s. str.) smirnovi (Rohdendorf, 1925)

Sarcophaga smirnovi Rohdendorf, 1925: 57.

Type locality: RU: Moscow Region: Petrovskoye-Razumosckoye. Holotype: deposited in ZMUM^.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) smirnovi: Pape, 1996: 334; Whitmore, 2011: 52.
Pierretia (Eupierretia) smirnovi: Rohdendorf, 1937: 370.
Heteronychia smirnovi: Rohdendorf, 1970: 669.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) smirnovi: Verves, 1986: 150.

Material examined: RU: Voronezh Region: Voronezh State Reserve, 5.06.1957, 1 (Keleynikova) (YVC).
Distribution: Europe: RU (Moscow and Voronezh* Regions).

6.4.59. Heteronychia (s. str.) tsinanensis Fan, 1964

Heteronychia (Eupierretia) tsinanensis Fan, 1964: 314.

Type locality: CN: Shandong: Tsinan. Holotype: deposited in lEAS.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) tsinanensis: Verves, 1986: 154.
Heteronychia tsinanensis: Fan, 1992: 654; Fan & Pape, 1996: 250.

^ after Whitmore, 2011 : 52: "The holotype of Sarcophaga smirnovi, originally deposited in ZMUM, appears to be lost"
(A. Ozerov, pers. comm. 2008)".

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Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) tsinanensis: Pape, 1996: 335.
Distribution: Palaearctic: Asia: CN (Shandong).

6.4.60. Heteronychia (s. str.) tunisiae (Whitmore, 2011), n. comb.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) tunisiae Whitmore 2011, p. 15,

Type locahty: TN: Tabarka. Holotype: S; deposited in ZMUC.
Distribution: Palaearctic: North Africa: TN.

6.4.61. Heteronychia (s. str.) vagans (Meigen, 1926)

Sarcophaga vagans Meigen, 1826: 26.

Type locality: Europe: probably DE. Holotype ($) deposited in MNHN.
Sarcophaga vagans: Bottcher, 1913a: 353; Pape & Merz, 1998: 401; Seguy, 1941: 164.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) vagans: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 124; Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Kara & Pape,
2002: 294; KoQak, 2014: 350; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1996: 336; Pape et al., 2002: 219;
Pohjoismaki & Kahanpaa, 2014: 389; Prado e Castro et al., 2010: 287; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 90, 136;
Rudzinski, 2000: 199; Whitmore, 2011: 50.

Belheria vagans: Enderlein, 1928: 37.

Heteronychia vagans: Artamonov, 1980a: 31; Blackith & Blackith, 1990: 699; Blackith et al., 1994: 427;

Kano et al., 1967: 26; Kano & Kurahashi, 1999: 74; Kano & Shinonaga, 1965: 248; Kejval, 1998: 64;

Khrokalo & Verves, 2009: 117; Lehrer, 2009e: 26; Mihalyi, 1979: 151; Rohdendorf, 1970: 669;

Rudzinski & Fliigel, 2007: 64; Pape, 1987: 139; Peris et al., 1998: 171, 174; Povolny, 1997a: 53, 56;

2002a: 308; 2003: 22, 25; Verves, 1978b: 42; 1990: 584, 585, 594, 596; 2003: 44; Verves, 2013: 28;

Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 147.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) vagans: Artamonov, 1988: 29; Povolny & Verves, 1990: 297; Verves, 1976: 28;

1986: 150.

Heteronychia (s. str.) vagans: Povolny, 1997b: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 182; Verves, 1998: 53; 2013: 28;

Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 25; 2014b: 22.
Sarcophaga nepos Rondani, i860: 290. Type locahty: IT: Parma. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1988:

11); deposited in MZUF.

Sarcophaga vulnerata Schiner, 1862: 570. Type locahty: DE or PL: "Schlezien". Holotype: S; deposited in
NMW.

Sarcophaga frenata Pandelle, 1896: 182. Type locality: FR: Hautes-Pyrenees, Tarbes. Lectotype: S

(designated by Pape, 2004: 33); deposited in MNHN.
Sarcophaga frenata: Bottcher, 1913a: 352; Pape, 2004: 33.
Mehria frenata: Baranov, 1942: 559; Enderlein, 1928: 29.
Pierretia (Eupierretia) frenata: Rohdendorf, 1937: 368.

Sarcophaga bajkalensis Rohdendorf 1925: 56. Type locality: RU: East Siberia: Krasnoyasrsk Region: shore

of Lake Baykal. Holotype: S; deposited in ZMUM.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) bajkalensis: Pape, 1996: 323.
Pierretia (Eupierretia) bajkalensis: Rohdendorf, 1937: 369.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) bajkalensis: Fan, 1992: 65; Verves, 1986: 149.
Heteronychia bajkalensis: Fan & Pape, 1996: 249; Verves, 1990: 584, 585, 596.

Hartigia anastrenua Baranov, 1942: 621. Type locality: HR: Zagreb. Holotype: cJ; deposited in USNM.
Hartigia anastrenua: Sabrosky & Crosskey, 1970: 429.
Heteronychia (Salemea) anastrenua: Verves, 1986: 159.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) anastrenua: Pape, 1996: 323.
Heteronychia (Asceloctis) anastrenua: Peris et al., 1996: 18.

Heteronychia vagans sachalinensis Verves, 1978a: 185. Type-locality: RU: Sakhalin I.: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.

Holotype: deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia (s. str.) vagans forma cruenta: Peris et al., 1998: 171, n, syn.; misidentification: not

Sarcophaga cruenta Pandelle, 1896.
Distribution: Palaearctic: Europe: AD, AT, BU, BE, BG, CH, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR
(continental), HR, HU, IE, IT (continental, Sardinia & Sicily), LV, MD, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS,
RU (northv\fards to Karelia and Arkhangelsk), SE, SK, UA, UK. Asia: Far East: CN (Heilongjiango,
JP (Hokkaido); RU (Amur Region, Khabarovsk Region, Kurily Is., Primorye, Sakhalin I.); Mid East:
TR; Siberia: RU; Transcaucasia: GE.

Larvae are parasitoids of terrestrial snails Eulota maacki (Artamonov, 1985) and succineids
(Verves, 1976). Flies reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails and bred from dead snail
Cepaea nemoralis (Richet et al., 2011).

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Peris et al. (1998: 171) used name "Sarcophaga vagans f. (forma) cruenta". According ICZN
(15.2; 45.5) "f. cruenta" is infrasubspecific invalid name.

Material examined: AT: Admont Umg., Styr. A 502, 1 $; Schachmarn, Sonnblickgruppe
Siidseite subalpin, 2 Leithagebirge b. Winden, 17.05.1973, 2 cj; Mogling Umgb. A. i. N 1534, leg.
1 (S (Franz) (NMW); Fiss, Ober[liofen im] Inntal, 1436 m, 6.07., 1 (S; Heutal b. Unken, 07.[i9]28, 3
(S, 1 ?; Hirschegg Walsertal, o8.[i9]35, 2 (5';Tirol, Namlos, 07.[i9]37, 1 (S (Engel & Lindner)
(SMNS). CH: "Grimsel 14. 1600, 11.08.1924" 1 (ZSM); Rofau 2260 m, i2.o8.[i9]32, 1 (S (Engel)
(SMNS). CZ: Southern CZia, Boubinsky prales nr Horni Vltavice, 800-1000 m 0. s. 1., mountainous
mixed beech-fir forest, 25.08.1998, 1 cj (Vanhara) (YVC). ES: Playa de Aro, 14.10.1972, 1 (S (Harde)
(SMNS). DE: [Baden-Wiirttemberg] Federsee, 30.08. [i9]i9, 1 $ (Hartel); Ehringer Wald,
i2.o6.[i9]32, 1 (S; Schonbuch, i9.o6.[i9]29, 1 (5; Stuttgart, Kraherwald, 30.o6.[i9]40, 9.V.[i9]76,
167 <S; Ummendorfer Ried b. Biberach, 29.o6.[i9]47 & i3.o6.[i9]48, 2 (J; [Bayern] Allgau,
Doismer 1679 m b. Hinterstein, 9.07.[i9]2i, 1 S; Allgau, Madelegabel, 25.07.[i9]45, 1 S; Dahau, 3.
& 19.06., 17.08., 23.09.[i9]i7, 19. & 31.05., I3.06.[i9]i8, 1. & 6.07., 22.o8.[i9]i9, 28.05., i- &

27.06. [i9]20, 17 c?, 1 9; Fellhorn, 1762 m, i6.07.[i9]29, 1 (S; [Bayern] Hochfelln, 1671 m,

26.07. [i9]27,2 (S; Innufer b. Nussdorf, I4.07.[i9]i7, 1 (5*, 1 $, (Engel & Lindner) (SMNS); b.
Oberaudorf, 4.09.[i9]66, 1 (S (Hocheck); Riesenhiitte, Chiemg[auer] Alp[en], 31.05. & 3i.07.[i9]i9,
3 (S; Rotelmoos 892 m, b. Ruhlpolding, 8.07.[i9]33, 1 (S; Schhersee, 2 S; Starnberg, 07.[i9]28, 1 <S;
Tegernsee, i4.o8.[i9]i7, 1 (S (Engel & Lindner) (SMNS); Funtensee, Interaln, 1000 m, 8.08.1940 2

Siidbayern, Eisenberg b. Memmingen, 29.VI.1947, 1 $ (ZSM); Bremen-Vahr, 8.07.1982, 1 9
(Vedder) (SMB); [Hesse] Breitenau b. Dahau, 29.07., 20. & 26.08. [i9]i7, 20.V., 3., 28. &
3i.VL[i9]i8, 16 <S; [Sachsen-Anhalt] Frassdorf-Hochriss, 29.o6.[i9]i7, 3 S (Engel) (SMNS). HU:
Palatinus Lake, 06.1925, 2 $; Tatarszentgyorgy, 06.1925, 3 $ (Engel) (ZSM). LV: Taurene,
7.VL2000, 1 (S ( Karpa) (LU). RU: Altai Krai: Biysk, on faeces, 20.08.1971, 1 (5* (Sychevskaya)
(ZIN); Altai Republic: Artybash, 9-12.06. & 9.07.1979, 3 S (Zolotarenko & Violovich); Krasnoyark
Region: East Sayan, Mina, Karzanak Hole, 14-16.07.1959, 16 (S, 31 $ (Kolomyietz) (SZM); Kurily
Is.: Kunashir L, 2.o8.[i9]74, 1 (Artamonov) (YVC); Novosibirsk Region: Rozhdestvenka Village,
19.07.1961, 1 (S, (Kolomyietz) (SZM); Perm Region: Kungur, 21.06., 31.07., 17. & 28.08.1958, 4 <S
(Borisova) (ZIN); Primorye: Bikin Basin, confluence of Bolshaya Svetlovodnaya /Biamo/ River and
Volnushka /Londo/ River, 21.09.1970, 1 (5* (Zherikhin); Furmanovo, 17.06.1972, 1 (5* (Sukhacheva)
(YVC); Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve, 5.09.1961, 1 (S (Soboleva) (FED); Mountain Taiga Station,
SE of Usuiriysk, 1.09.1962, 3.& 11.08.1963, 3 (S; Shkotov Plataeu, 25.08.1962, 4 (S; Shkotovsk, 30
km E, valley of Tsimukhe River, 24.08.1962, 1 (5* (Narchuk) (ZIN); "Vladivostok 19 km",
i.o6.[i9]62, 3 (5* (Rasnitzyn & Sulimov); environs of Vladivostok, Lyanchykhe, 30.06.1963, 2 ^
(Narchuk) (YVC); 30 km N of Vladivostok, 10.1969, 1 S (Petrova) (FED); "Yakovlevka, Spas[sk]
U[ezd] Ussur[iysk] Kr[ai]," 18.05.1926, 1 (Filipjev) (YVC); Tomsk, 1.07.1964, 1 (S (Kolomyietz);
Sakhalin I.: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 26.06., 12. & 16.07. [i9]56, 3 S (Violovich) (SZM). SK: Lutov-
Bradio, 22.05.1958, 1 <S (Slameckova) (YVC).

6.4.62. Heteronychia (s. str.) vervesi Povolny, 1996

Heteronychia {Eupierretid) vervesi Povolny, 1996: 99.

Type locality: GR: MK: Pindos Mts, Vikos Aoos. Holotype: S; deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia vervesi: Lehrer, 2012c: 21; Povolny & Znojil, 1999: 195.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) vervesi: Richet et al., 2011: 94.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) hellenica Whitmore, 2011: 5, unnecessary new name for Heteronychia vervesi
Povolny, 1996.

Material examined: GR: 1 ($, without label, leg. Povolny (YVC).
Distribution: Europe: GR (continental).

6.4.63. Heteronychia (s. str.) vicina (Macquart, 1835)

Sarcophaga vicina Macquart, 1835: 225.

Type locality: FR: Bordeaux. Holotype: deposited in MNHN.
Sarcophaga vicina: Pape, 2004: 29; Seguy, 1941: 166.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) vicina: Coupland & Baker, 2004: 114; Menzel & Ziegler, 2002: 390; Pape, 1996:
336; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Richet et al., 2011: 29, 93, 101, i38.Whitmore, 2009: 339.

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Heteronychia vicina: Blackith & Blackith, 1990: 699; Blackith et al., 1994: 427; Khrokalo & Verves, 2009:

iiy.Pape, 1987: 141; Povolny, 1996: 95, 97; Rudzinski & Fliigel, 2007: 64.
Heteronychia (Eupierretia) vicina: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 295; Povolny & Znojil, 1990: 47; Verves, 1986:

151.

Heteronychia (s. str.) vicina: Povolny & Verves, 1997: 183; Verves, 1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 26.

Sarcophaga ruficauda Zetterstedt, 1838: 650. Type locality: SE: Lycksele Lappmark, Lycksele.

Holotype: ; deposited in MZLU.
Sarcophaga ebrachiata Pandelle, 1896: 182. Type locality: FR: Hautes-Pyrenees, Arrens. Holotype: cj;

deposited in MNHN.

Bellieria ebrachiata: Enderlein, 1928: 36; Baranov, 1942: 578.
Pierretia (Eupierretia) ebrachiata: Rohdendorf, 1937: 380; Povolny & Slameckova, 1979: 117.
Heteronychia ebrachiata: Mihalyi, 1979: 149; Verves, 1978b: 42.

Sarcophaga ebrachiata var. meadei Bottcher, 1913a: 361. Type locality: S- IT: Turin. Holotype: S\ deposited
in SMF.

Sarcophaga vicina var. meadei: Seguy, 1941: 167.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BG, CH, CZ (Moravia), DE, ES, FI, FR (continental & Corsica),
GR (continental), HU, IE, IT (continental), NO, PL, RS, SE, SK, UA, UK. Asia: North Caucasus: RU
(Kabardino-Balkaria); Transcaucasia (GE).

Larvae are internal parasitoids of terrestrial snails (Coupland & Baker 2004; Povolny Sr
Verves, 1997).

Material examined: AT: Hohe Mandling, S-Hang, i4.io.[i9]i6 1 <S (NMW); Umg. Pernitz, X
1395, 1 Umg. Modling, X 2050, 1 S (Franz) (NMW); Diirrnstein b. Lunz, nd. Donau, Herrenalm,
7. o8.[i9]40, 2 S; Grossglockner, 19-31.07.1937, 1 c? (Lindner). CH: "Grimsel 14. 1600, 11.08.1924"
1 <S (ZSM). DE: [Baden-Wiirttemberg]: Bodanriickam am Bodensee, Hagelstein, 15.08.1949, 1 c?, 1
9, in copula (Augaler); Rottenacker 15. 05. [19131 & 9.o6.[i9]35, 2 c? (Gerstmer & Lindner);
Stuttgart, Kraherwald, 12.06.1955, 1 (S; Ummendorf, Ried b. Bibgrach, 13.06.1948, 1 [Bayern]:
Allgau: Dolsmer 1679 b. Hinterstein, 15.& 29.07.[i9]20, 7. & 9.o8.[i9]2i, 7 (S; Madelegabel,
25.07.1949, 1 (5*, 1 $; Osterachtai, 1650 m, 30.o6.[i9]24, 3 Fellhorn, 1762 m, i6.07.[i9]29, 2 S;
Grubigstein, Leucht Alpen, 15.07.1931, 1 S; Hochfelln, 1671 m, i6.07.[i9]27, 1 S; Togemsee: Risser
Kogel, 14.08.[19]17, 1 S; Wallberg, i6.o6.[i9]i7, 1 <S (Engel & Lindner) (SMNS).

6.4.64. Heteronychia (s. str.) violovitshi Rohdendorf & Verves, 1979

Heteronychia (s. str.) violovitshi Rohdendorf & Verves, 1979: 193.

Type locality: RU: Sakhalin L: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Holotype: S; deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia violovitshi: Artamonov, 1980a: 31; Verves & Khrokalo, 2006: 146.
Heteronychia (s.str.) violovitshi: Verves 1986, p. 154.
Sarcophaga [Heteronychia) violovitshi: Pape, 1996: 336.

Distribution: Asia: Far East (Sakhalin I.).

6.5. Subgenus Pandelleola Rohdendorf, 1937

Pandelleola Rohdendorf, 1937: 328, as subgenus of Pierretia sensu Rohdendorf, 1937: 303;

misidentification: not Pierretia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.

Type species: Sarcophaga filia Rondani, i860, by original designation.
Heteronychia {Pandelleola): Peris et al., 1996b: 22; Rohdendorf, 1965: 684, 693; Verves, 1986: 154.
Pandelleola: Lehrer, 2008a: 1; 20i2e: 4.

Ashlaiana Lehrer, 1998b: 5; n. syn. Type species: Ashlaiana shakrana Lehrer, 1998b: 5 [= Sarcophaga

boettc/ien" Villeneuve, 1912], by original designation.
Ashlaiana: Lehrer, 20i2f: 9.

"Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) filia-grou.p" (in part): Whitmore et al., 2013: 629.
5 species of this subgenus are distributed in Mediterranean and Mid-Asian Regions.
Morphological features of genitalia of Heteronychia {Pandelleola) filia and H. (P.)
boettcheri are not distinguishable for designation of separate monotypic genus Ashlaiana.

6.5.1. Heteronychia {Pandelleola) boettcheri (Villeneuve, 1912)

Sarcophaga boettc/ieri Villeneuve, 1912b: 610.

Type locality: Lectotype: S (designated by Whitmore, 2011: 21); deposited in IRSNB.
Sarcophaga boettcheri: Bottcher, 1913a: 129; Seguy, 1941: 81.

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Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) boettcheri: Kogak, 2014: 350; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 137; Pape, 1996: 324;

Pekbey & Hayat, 2011: 3; Whitmore, 2011: 21.
Bellieria boettcheri: Enderlein, 1928: 29.
Pierretia (Boettherella) boettcheri: Rohdendorf, 1937: 340.
Mehria boettcheri: Baranov, 1942: 556.

Heteronychia boettcheri: Lehrer, 1998b: 3; 2012b: 12; Mihalyi, 1979: 143.
Heteronychia (^Boettcherella) boettcheri: Povolny, 1996: 108; Verves, 1986: 154; 1993: 489.
Heteronychia {Eupierretid) boettcheri: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 312, 315.
Heteronychia {Pandelleola) boettcheri: Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 26.

Pierretia {Pandelleola) taurica Rohdendorf, 1937: 333. Type locality: UA: Crimea, valley of Alma River.

Holotype: deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia taurica: Rohdendorf, 1970: 665; Verves, 1978b: 41.
Heteronychia (Pandelleola) taurica: Verves, 1986: 155; 1998: 53.
Heteronychia (^Boettcherella) taurica: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 312, 315, 316.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) taurica: Kara & Pape, 2002: 294; Pape, 1996: 336; Richet et al., 2011: 90.
Pandelleola taurica: Lehrer, 2006c: 18; 2008a: i; 20i2e: 4.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) telengai Verves, 1973: 947, n. syn. Type locality: UA: Zaporizzhya Region:

environs of Zhdanov [= Berdyansk]. Holotype: ; deposited in SIZK.
Heteronychia (Pandelleola) telengai: Verves, 1986: 155; 1998: 53.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) telengai: Pape, 1996: 335.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) gaspari Lehrer, 1977b: 226, Type locality: TR: Akgakoca, Bola. Holotype: 6^;

deposited in LZG.
Heteronychia bodediana Lehrer, 1998b: 6. Type locality: not given.

Pandelleola caraormana Lehrer, 2008a: 5. Type locality: RO. Holotype: deposited in MGAB.

Ashlaiana shakrana Lehrer 1998b: 5, Type locality: IL: Swamp Herzliyya. Holotype: (by designation of

Lehrer, 2012b: 12); deposited in TAU.
Pandelleola shakrana: Lehrer, 20i2e: 9.

Pandelleola lunzeria Lehrer, 20i2e: 5, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Pandelleola pieriana Lehrer 20i2e: 5, n. syn. Type locality: GR: Platamon-Gipfel. Holotype: deposited in
MMBC.

Pandelleola immortalis Lehrer, 20i2e: 6, n. syn. Type locality: IL: Tel Av04, Tel Barukh. Holotype:
deposited in TAU.

Pandelleola karmelina Lehrer, 20i2e: 7, n. syn. Type locality: IL: Har Karmel, 32°44' N 34°03' E. Holotype:
deposited in TAU.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BG*, GR (continental, Cyclades Is. & Poros L), HR, HU, RO, RS,
UA; Asia: Mid East (CY, IR, IL, SY, TR, PS); Transcausia (AZ).

Larvae are parasitoids of terrestrial snail Thebapisana (Lehrer 2006c).

Original revision of holotype of Heteronychia (Pandelleola) telengai Verves, 1973 shows its
identity to Sarcophaga boettcheri Villeneuve, 1912. Descriptions of (5* Pandelleola lunzeria Lehrer,
2012 and (5* P- pieriana Lehrer, 2012 are based at drav^dngs of (5* genitalia of H. taurica from
Povolny 1996, appropriately figs 22 and 23. The differences between various original drawings of (5*
genitalia of those species are very petty and reflected the individual styles of painters; they can not
be used as reason for designations of both new species. The original descriptions and drawings of (5*
genitalia of Pandelleola immortalis Lehrer, 2012 and P. karmelina Lehrer, 2012 are very detailed
and practically not differentiated from similar descriptions and drawings of H. boettcheri (=
taurica) by other auhors ( Mihalyi, 1979; Povolny & Verves, 1990; Richet et al., 2011; Rohdendorf,
1937; Verves, 1993; Whitmore, 2011 etc).

Material examined: AZ: Lenkoran District: Vel, 4.06.1959 1 c?, 1 $ (Richter) (YVC).
BG:"Burgas 07 S 109 N." 1 (S (Nedelkov). HR: 'Ungarn' 5.07.1912, 1 (S. IL: Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus,
19.10.1931 & 2.05.[i9]33, 35 (Ss, 12 9 (Aharoni) (SMNS); Jerusalem, 6.07.1939, 1 (S, (BMNH). SY:
Golan heights, Katsrin, 9.10.2006, 1 S (Szpila). TR: Antalya: Side, clay loam waste plot of land,
36°47'38" N, 3i°22'43" E, 10-19.08.2011, 4<S,i9 (Verves & Khrokalo) (YVC & lEEU).

6.5.2. Heteronychia (Pandelleola) filia (Rondani, i860) (Figs 18-20)

Sarcophaga filia Rondani, i860: 385.

Type locality: IT: "In Italia media et boreali". Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1988: 8); deposited in
MZUF.

Sarcophaga filia: Bottcher, 1913a: 122; Hayat et al., 2008: 389; Romera et al., 2003: 49; Seguy, 1941: 102.

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Sarcophaga [Heteronychia) filia: Coupland & Barker, 2004: 113, 124; Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Kara &
Pape, 2002: 293; Koqak, 2014: 349; Kogak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1996: 327; Pekbey & Hayat,
2011: 6; Richet et al., 2011: 12, 29, 60, 89, 109, 130, 217; Whitmore, 2009: 572, 574; 2011: 29.

Mehria filia: Baranov, 1942: 558; Enderlein, 1928: 29.

Pierretia (Pandelleold) filia filia: Rohdendorf, 1937: 331.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) filia: Peris et al., 1996b: 22; Povolny, 1996: 107; 1997b: 99; 2002b: 169; Povolny
& Verves, 1997: 180; Rohdendorf, 1965: 693; Verves, 1986: 154; 1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a:
27.

Heteronychia filia: Mihalyi, 1979: 142; Rohdendorf, 1970: 666.
Pandelleola filia: Lehrer, 2006c: 18; 20096: 26.

Sarcophaga iuvenis Rondani, i860: 388. Type locality: IT: Parma. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 1988:
9); deposited in MZUF.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) lyneborgi Rohdendorf, 1975: 199. Type locality: ES: Granada: Torrenueva

E Motril. Holotype: S; deposited in ZMUC.
Heteronychia {Pandelleola) lyneborgi: Verves, 1986: 155.
Pandelleola lyneborgi: Lehrer, 1996b: 263.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) lyneborgi: Pape, 1996: 330.

Pandelleola resnikae Lehrer, 1996b: 261. Type locality: ES: Balearic Is: Mallorca I., Monasterio de
Lluch. Holotype: deposited in ZMAM.

Distribution: Europe: AT, BE, BG, CH, CZ, ES (continental & Balearic Is.), FR (continental
& Corsica), GR, HR, HU, IT (continental & Sardinia), MK, MT, NL, PL, RO, RS, RU (Voronezh
Region), SK, UA. Asia: Mid East (IL, PS, TR); North Africa: MA.

Larvae are parasitoids of terrestrial snails Helix spp. (Bottcher, 1913a; Rostand, 1920),
Cernuella virgata and Theba pisana (Coupland, 1994; Coupland & Barker, 2004, Hopkins &
Baker, 1993). This species reared in the laboratory on freshly killed snails (Richet et al., 2011).

Material examined: AT: Moghng Umgb. A. i., N 1534 & N 1613, 2 S (Franz) (NMW). DE:
[Baden- Wiirttemberg]: Rotenacker, 5.06.1932, 1 c?. GR: Rhodos, 06.-07.19621 c?, 1 ? (Lindner).
HU: Alsoessopuszta bei Orkeny, i5.o6.[i9]25, 1 (S (Engel). IL:"Rehoboth bei Jaffa", 17.III. [19133, 1
c? (Aharoni) (SMNS); Kiriat Anavim, "Judean Higlands, Palestine", 8.10. [19130, 1 S (BMNH). SK:
Zobor, 28.o8.[i9l56, 1 3 (Slameckova). TR: Antalya: Side, clay loam waste plot of land, 3604/38"
N, 3i°22'43" E, 10-19.08.2011, 48, S, 15 ? (Verves & Khrokalo) (YVC & lEEU).

6.5.3. Heteronychia (Pandelleola) filiola (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Pandelleola) filiola Rohdendorf, 1937: 333.

Type locality: UA: Crimea: Kara Dagh. Holotype: S; deposited in ZIN.
Heteronychia filiola: Rohdendorf, 1970: 665.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) filiola: Verves, 1986: 154; 1998: 53; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 27.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) filiola: Pape, 1996: 328.
Distribution: Europe: UA (Crimea).

6.5.4. Heteronychia (Pandelleola) sicilia (Pape, 1996)

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) sicilia Pape, 1996: 334; new name for Pierretia (Pandelleold) filia siciliana

Rohdendorf, 1937.
Heteronychia (Pandelleola) sicilia: Povolny, 2002b: 168.

Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) sicilia: Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: 112; Richet et al., 2011: 90; Whitmore, 2011: 48.
Pierretia (Pandelleola) filia siciliana Rohdendorf, 1937: 332; junior secondary homonym of Sarcoctenia
siciliana Enderlein, 1928. Type locality: IT: Sicily: Palermo. Holotype: S\ deposited in ZIN.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) siciliana: Verves, 1986: 155.

Heteronychia (Pandelleola) volcanoetnica Povolny, 2002b: 165. Type locality: IT: Sicily: Etna, eastern slope,

Bosco Rabago. Holotype: deposited in MMBC.
Heteronychia (Pandelleola) volcanoetnica: Povolny, 2003: 19.

Distribution: Europe: IT (Sicily), MT. Larvae are the parasitoids of land snail Tudorella
melitense (Gatt & Ebejer, 2014).

6.5.5. Heteronychia (Pandelleola) turana (Rohdendorf, 1937)

Pierretia (Pandelleola) filia turana Rohdendorf, 1937: 332.

Type locality: UZ: Samarkand Region: Kumak near Kattakurgan. Holotype: 6*; deposited in ZIN.

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Heteronychia turana: Rohdendorf, 1970: 666, Verves, 1978b: 41;

Heteronychia iPandelleold) turana: Povolny, 1992: 182; 1996: 109; 2002b: 167; Verves, 1986: 155.
Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) turana: Ko^ak, 2014: 350; Ko^ak & Kemal, 2013: 138; Pape, 1996: 335; Pekbey
et al., 2011: 194.

Distribution: Asia: KZ; Mid East (IR, TR); Mid Asia (TJ, TM, UZ), Transcaucasia.

Larvae are internal parasitoids of terrestrial Helicidae (Povolny, 1996).

Material examined: AZ: Nakhchivan Autonomous: Ordubad District: Bilav, 25.05.1967, 1 $;
Lerik District: Kosmolyan, 7.06.1969, 1 $; Nyuravud, canyon of Grand River, 2 (5^, 1 $, 14.07.1970,
leg. Richter (YVC). TJ: Faisalabad District: Khamza, 22.07.[i9]82, 1 Shaartuz District:
Lomonosov Kolkhoz, 4.07.[i9]82, 1 S (Nachmetdinov) (YVC).

7. Genus Karovia Lehrer, 1995

Karovia Lehrer, 1995c: 110.

Type species: Sarcophaga hirticrus Pandelle, 1896, by original designation.
Gne Palaearctic species.

7.1. Karovia hirticrus (Pandelle, 1896)

Sarcophaga hirticrus Pandelle, 1896: 193.

Type locality: FR: Hautes P5Tenees, Tarbes. Lectotype: S (designated by Pape, 2004: 35); deposited in
MNHN.

Sarcophaga hirticrus: Barfoot, 1969: 144; Beaver, 1972: 41; Bottcher, 1912: 716; Perez-Moreno et al., 2006:

169; Schembri et al., 1991: 270; Seguy, 1941: 108.
Sarcophaga {Helicophagella) hirticrus: Blackith et al., 1997: 397, 430; Coupland & Barker, 2004: 112, 124;

Draber-Monko, 2007: 232; Gatt & Ebejer, 2014: 109; Pape, 1996: 319; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Prado e

Castro et al., 2010: 286; Richet et al., 2011: 27, 102, 122, 200.
Villeneuvella hirticrus: Enderlein, 1928: 34.
Thyrsocnema hirticrus: Baranov, 1942: 605; Enderlein, 1928: 43.
Bellieria (s. str.) hirticrus: Rohdendorf, 1937: 133.

Bellieria hirticrus: Mihalyi, 1979: 117; Rohdendorf, 1970: 655; Verves, 1978b: 40.
Helicophagella hirticrus: Pape, 1987: 133; Povolny, 1999: 19; Verves, 1986: 137.
Helicophagella {ParabeUieria) hirticrus: Peris et al., 1994a: 82, 84.

Karovia hirticrus: Lehrer, 1995c: 110; 2000b: 445; 2006e: 4; Verves & Khrokalo, 2014a: 27.
Heteronychia {Eupierretia) hirticrus: Povolny & Verves, 1990: 295.

Heteronychia (s. str.) hirticrus: Povolny, 1997b: 99; Povolny & Verves, 1997: 174; Verves, 1998: 53.

Sarcophaga excuticulata Pandelle, 1896: 202, Type locality: FR: Hautes-Pyrenees. Lectotype: $

(designated by Pape, 2004: 30); deposited in MNHN.

Sarcophaga agricola: Meade, 1876: 261; misidentification: not Myophora agricola Robineau-
Desvoidy, 1830.

Sarcophaga noverca: Kramer, 1905: 33; misidentification: not Sarcophaga noverca Rondani, i860.
Distribution: Europe: AL, AD, AT, BG, CH, CZ, ES (continental & Balearic Is.), FR
(continental & Corsica), DE, HR, HU, IT (continental & Sicily), MT, PL, PT, RG, RS, SE, SK, UA,
UK. Asia: Mid East (IL); North Caucasus: RU (Krasnodar Region); Transcaucasia (AZ, GE). North
Africa: DZ.

Flies in nature bred from a dead swrallovvr (Richet, 1990), dead, and occasionally living (as
facultative parasitoids) snails Cantareus aspersus (Barfoot, 1969; Coupland & Barker, 2004),
Cepaea nemoralis (Beaver, 1972, 1973, 1977), Cernuella virgata (Coupland, 1994; Coupland &
Barker, 2004), Helix sp. (Blackith et al., 1997) and Theba pisana (Coupland & Barker, 2004), This
species reared in the laboratory from pig liver (Perez-Moreno et al., 2006).

Material examined: GE: Abkhazia: environs of Gagra, forest, 200-300 m a. s. 1., 12-
16.08.1970, 13 1 ? (Verves) (YVC).

8. Genus Notoecus Stein, 1924

Notoecus Stein, 1824: 201.

Type species: Sarcophaga longestylata Strobl, 1906, by monotypy.
Notoecus: Lehrer, 2003: 29, 341; Mihalyi, 1979: 56, 125; Peris et al., 1994b: 156; Rohdendorf, 1937: 389;

Seguy, 1941: 169; Verves, 1986: 139; 1993: 489.
Sarcophaga (Notoecus): Pape, 1995: 3; 1996: 370.

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Adiscalis Enderlein, 1928: 34. Type species: Sarcophaga longestylata Strobl, 1906, by monotypy.
One Mediterranean species.

8.1. Notoecus longestylatus (Strobl, 1906) (Figs 4-6)

Sarcophaga longestylata Strobl, 1906: 343.

Type locality: ES: Algeciras. Holotype: deposited in Stift Admont, a Benedictine monastery in

Admont City, AT.
Sarcophaga longestylata: Bdttcher, 1912: 710.

Sarcophaga (Notoecus) longestylata: Pape, 1996: 370; Pape et al., 2002: 219; Raffone, 2009:
108; Whitmore, 2010: 82.

Sarcophaga {Heteronychia) longestylata: Whitmore, 2010: 218.
Adiscalis longestylata: Enderlein, 1928: 34.

Notoecus longestylatus: Lehrer, 2003: 341; Mihalyi, 1979: 125; Peris et al., 1994b: 156; Rohdendorf, 1937:

389; 1975: 198; Seguy, 1941: 170; Verves, 1986: 139-
Notoecus madeirops Lehrer 2013b: 4, n. syn. Type locality: not given.

Notoecus longistylatus: Rohdendorf, 1975: 198 (incorrect subsequent spelling of longestylatus).

Distribution: Europe: ES (continental) IT (continental), PT. North Africa: DZ, MA, TN.
Flies bred from hive of Apis mellifera (Seguy, 1953).

Description of S Notoecus madeirops Lehrer, 2013 based at photos of (5* genitalia of N.
longestylatus from Whitmore (2010: 218, pi. 45). The differences betv^een those photos and
various original drav\dngs of S genitalia of N. longestylatus are very petty and reflected the
individual styles of painters; they can not be used as reason for designations of a nev^ species.

Material examined: ES: Granada: Torrenueva, 18.04.1966, 1 c?, 1 ? (YVC).

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Verves, Yu. G., 1997, Two new genera of Sarcophagini (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) from India. International

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Zetterstedt, J. W., 1845, Diptem scandinaviae disposita et descripta. Tomus 4, pp. 1281-1738, Lundae
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Figs 1-9. Cercus & surstylus, laterally (1, 7), aedeagus and gonites, laterally (2, 5), distiphallus, ventrally (3,
6, 9), postabdominal segments, cercus & surstylus, laterally (4), 8. distiphallus, laterally (8). - 1-3.
Artamonoviella monspellensia (Bott.), after Verves, 1993; - 4-6. Notoecus longestylatus (Strobl), original; -
7-9. Discachaeta cucullans (Pand.), after Verves, 1993.

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Figs 10-14. 5* abdominal sternite, ventrally (10), cercus & surstylus, laterally (11), distiphallus, laterally
(12), 13. pregonite, laterally (13), 14. Posgonite, laterally (14). - 10-14. Karovia hirticrus (Pand.), after Lehrer,
1995-

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Figs 15-20. 15. Genital segments, cercus & surstylus, laterally (15), aedeagus and gonites, laterally (16),
distiphallus, ventrally (17, 20), cercus & surstylus, laterally (18), distiphallus, laterally (19). - 15-17.
Heteronychia {Boettcherella) setinervis (Rd.), original; - 18-20. Heteronychia {Pandelleola) filia (Rd.),
original.

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Figs 21-28. 21. Male genitalia, laterally (21, 22), epandrium, cercus & surstylus, laterally (23), distiphallus,
laterally (24, 28), distiphallus, ventrally (25), gonites, laterally (27). - 21. Heteronychia (Asceloctis) balanina
(Pand.), original; - 22. Heteronychia (Ctenodasypygid) minima (Rd.), original; - 23-25. Heteronychia (s.
str.) proxima (Rd.), original; - 26-28. Heteronychia (s. str.) depressifrons (Ztt.), original.

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